[53] Now Sir Allen Young, C. B.

[54] The reproduction given here is from a photograph kindly lent by Sir Allen Young.

[55] In consolidating the texture of the gutta-percha, pressure increases its electrical resistance, unless a flaw exists such as would then be immediately brought to light.

[56] See Submarine Telegraphs.

[57] Mr. Field compassed land and sea incessantly for the purpose of agitating the subject. He is said to have crossed the Atlantic altogether sixty-four times—suffering from sea sickness on each occasion—in connection with this great enterprise in which he formed so prominent a figure.

[58] Afterward Sir John Pender, G.C.M.G., M.P.

[59] The increased breaking strain here afforded over that of the first Atlantic line was partly due to the great improvement made in the manufacture of iron wire during the interval.

[60] Experience has since taught us, however, that such a type lacks durability, owing to the rapid decay of the hemp between the iron wires and the sea.

[61] The Great Eastern, in point of size, was only a little before her time. In the present day, with improved engines, she could be usefully and profitably employed, had she not been broken up.

[62] Afterward the able manager of the Eastern Telegraph Company.