FOOTNOTES:

[13] The Maximum laws were practically repealed by public opinion after Thermidor. It does not appear that their actual repeal at the end of December had any marked or immediate effect in depressing the value of the Assignats. It was rather the new issues which completed the Assignats' decline. That decline had been going on steadily since 1791, and was not stopped, though it may very probably have been delayed, by the legislation of the Terror.

[TABLE]

OF THE PRINCIPAL DATES IN THE HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION.

1774. Accession of Louis XVI.
1774-76. Ministry of Turgot.
1776-81. First Ministry of Necker. Alliance with America, and War with England.
1783-87. Ministry of Calonne.
1787.Feb.Convocation of the Notables.
April.Dismissal of Calonne.
1787-88. Ministry of Loménie de Brienne. Struggle with the Parlements. Louis promises to summon the States-General.
1788.Aug.Return and second Ministry of Necker.
Nov.Second convocation of the Notables.
1789.Apl. 28.The Réveillon riot, the first serious riot in Paris.
May 5.Meeting of the States-General at Versailles.
June 17.The States-General assume the title of National Assembly.
" 20.The Oath in the Tennis Court.
" 23.The Royal Sitting. The Commons defy the Crown. Union of the Three Estates. Reactionary plans at Court.
July 11.Dismissal of Necker. Appointment of a reactionary Ministry, supported by a strong display of troops.
1789.July 14.Rising in Paris and capture of the Bastille. The King's submission and the recall of Necker.
" 17. Louis' visit of conciliation to Paris. Establishment of the Parisian Municipality and of the National Guard.
The Emigration begins.
Risings and disorder begin in different parts of France.
Aug. 4.Summary abolition of feudal rights, of tithes, and of all kinds of privileges.
Sept.Increasing distress and excitement in Paris.
Oct. 1.Military banquet and Royalist demonstration at Versailles.
" 5-6.March of the Parisian women to Versailles, and their return with the Royal family to Paris.
Nov. 2. A decree of the Assembly declares the goods of the Church to be the property of the Nation.
" 7.A decree of the Assembly renders it impossible for Ministers to be Members of the House.
1790.May 10.Mirabeau's Notes for the Court begin.
July 12.The Civil Constitution of the Clergy adopted by the Assembly.
" 14.Feast of the Federation, to celebrate the fall of the Bastille.
Aug.Serious mutiny in the army of Nancy suppressed by Bouillé.
Sept. 10.Resignation of Necker.
Nov. 27.A decree of the Assembly compels the Clergy, under pain of dismissal, to take the oath to observe the new Constitution (sanctioned by the King on December 26).
Dec.Mirabeau President of the Jacobin Club.
1791.Jan. 30.Mirabeau elected President of the Assembly.
April 2.Death of Mirabeau.
" 18.The King attempts to leave Paris for St. Cloud, but is stopped by a mob.
June 20.The flight to Varennes.
July 17.The Republican demonstration and the Massacre of the Champ de Mars.
Rally of the Constitutional Party, and re-establishment of the King.
Aug. 27.The Emperor Leopold and the King of Prussia meet the French emigrant Princes and issue the Declaration of Pillnitz.
Sept. 4.Louis publicly accepts the new Constitution.
" 30.Last sitting of the Constituent Assembly.
Oct. 1.First sitting of the Legislative Assembly.
Nov. 1.The Emperor Leopold issues a circular to the Powers against interference in France.
" 9.A decree of the Assembly orders the Emigrants, under the severest penalties, to return to France (vetoed by the King).
" 17.Pétion elected Mayor of Paris over Lafayette's head.
" 29. A decree of the Assembly orders the expulsion of priests who will not take the oath to the Constitution (vetoed by the King).
Dec. 7.Narbonne appointed Minister of War.
1792.Mar. 1.Death of the Emperor Leopold.
" 9. Dismissal of Narbonne.
Formation of a Girondist Government.
Apl. 20.France declares war against Austria.
The French troops cross the Belgian frontier, but meet with reverses.
May 27.Decree authorising the banishment of refractory priests (vetoed by the King).
" 30.Dismissal of the King's Constitutional Guard.
June 8.Decree for assembling a force of 20,000 Fédérés at Paris (vetoed by the King).
" 12.Louis dismisses his Girondist Ministers.
" 20.Invasion of the Tuileries by a mob.
July 11. The country declared to be in danger.
" 25.Prussia declares war on France.
Manifesto of the Duke of Brunswick.
" 30.The Fédérés from Marseilles arrive in Paris.
Aug. 10.Capture of the Tuileries and overthrow of the Monarchy.
" 20.Desertion of Lafayette.
" 23.Surrender of Longwy.
" 28.Search for arms and arrest of suspects in Paris.
Sept. 2.The Prison Massacres begin in Paris. Surrender of Verdun.
" 20.Dumouriez at Valmy checks the advance of the Allies.
" 21.Meeting of the National Convention.
Proclamation of the Republic.
Oct. 20.The French under Custine capture Mayence.
Nov. 6.Dumouriez wins the battle of Jemappes, and conquers Belgium.
" 18.Decree offering the assistance of France to all nations desirous of freedom (withdrawn in the following spring).
Dec.The King's trial begins.
1793.Jan. 21.Execution of Louis.
Feb. 1.France declares war against England and Holland.
Reverses of the French army; the invasion of Holland abandoned.
Mar. 9.Formation of the Revolutionary Tribunal.
" 10. Abortive Jacobin rising in Paris.
" 18. Defeat of Dumouriez at Neerwinden, and loss of Belgium.
April 3.Desertion of Dumouriez.
" 6.Establishment of the Committee of Public Safety.
First important successes of the insurgents in La Vendée.
May 31.Jacobin rising against the Girondists.
June 2.Final victory of the insurrection and proscription of the Girondist leaders.
July 13.Assassination of Marat.
Advance of the Allies; the French lose Condé, Valenciennes, and Mayence.
Sept. 5.Terror decreed to be the order of the day.
Sept. 5.Houchard wins the battle of Hondschöten, and gains other successes, which compel the Allies to retreat.
" 17.Establishment of the Maximum and of the Law against Suspected Persons.
The Austrians invade Alsace.
Oct. 15-16. Jourdan, having superseded Houchard, wins the battle of Wattignies.
" 16.Execution of Marie Antoinette.
" 17.Decisive defeat of the Vendéans at Chollet.
" 31.Execution of the Girondist leaders in Paris.
Nov. 10.Establishment of the worship of Reason, and ascendency of the party of the Commune.
Dec.Camille Desmoulins starts the Vieux Cordelier.
Struggle of parties at the Jacobin Club.
Destruction of the Vendéan army at Le Mans.
Hoche and Pichegru, by a series of successes, drive the Austrians out of Alsace.
1794.Mar. 24.Execution of Hébert and the leaders of the Commune.
April 5.Execution of Danton, Desmoulins and their friends.
Outbreak of Kosciusko's revolt in Poland.
May 18.Pichegru, having superseded Jourdan, defeats the Allies in the battle of Turcoign.
June 1.Lord Howe defeats the French fleet in a great battle at sea.
" 8.(20th Prairial). Festival of the Supreme Being.
" 10.(22nd Prairial). Law reconstituting the Revolutionary Tribunal.
" 26.Jourdan, having superseded Hoche, wins the battle of Fleurus. The French re-occupy Belgium.
July 27.(9th Thermidor). Fall of Robespierre.
Sept.Successes of Suvórof in Poland.
Oct. 10.Crushing defeat of the Poles at Maciejowice.
Nov. 7.Capitulation of Warsaw to the Russians.
" 12.Closing of the Jacobin Club in Paris.
Dec. 8.The seventy-three Girondist Deputies recalled to the Convention.
" 23.Repeal of the Maximum Laws.
Decisive movement of the French troops against Holland.
1795.Jan. 3.Russia and Austria in the Treaty of St. Petersburg settle the terms of the final partition of Poland.
The French enter Utrecht, Amsterdam and the Hague, and the Stadtholder flies. The complete conquest of Holland follows.
Feb.Truces between the Republican generals and the Vendéan chiefs.
Mar. 2.Arrest of Billaud-Varennes, Collot d'Herbois, Barère and Vadier decreed by the Convention.
" 8.The survivors of the Girondists proscribed on the 31st May recalled to the Assembly.
April 1.(12th Germinal). Bread riots and attack on the Convention.
" 5.Treaty of Bâle between France and Prussia.
May 20.(1st Prairial). Jacobin rising and attack on the Convention.
June 8.Death of the Dauphin in prison.
July. Peace between France and Spain.
Failure of the Emigrants' expedition to Quiberon.
Aug. In the debates on the new Constitution, the Convention, by the decrees of the 5th and 13th Fructidor (August 22 and 30), secures the re-election to the legislature of two-thirds of its own body.
Sept. 23.Proclamation of the Constitution of the Year III, and of the electoral decrees.
Fresh coalition between England, Austria and Russia against France.
Oct. 5.(13th Vendémiaire). Rising of the reactionary Sections against the Convention, defeated by Bonaparte.
" 26.Close of the National Convention.

[APPENDIX.]

Note.—The following list of books does not profess to be comprehensive. It is a selection of some of the most important for the use of students. Those marked with an asterisk ought alone to give a fairly accurate knowledge of the period.