Principles of Geology / or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology

by Sir Charles Lyell

CHAPTER XIV.
Aqueous causes—Excavating and transporting power of rivers	[198]
CHAPTER XV
Carrying power of river-ice—Glaciers and Icebergs	[219]
CHAPTER XVI.
Phenomena of springs	[232]
CHAPTER XVII
Reproductive effects of rivers—Deltas of lakes and inland seas	[251]
CHAPTER XVIII.
Deltas of the Mississippi, Ganges, and other rivers exposed to tidal action	[263]
CHAPTERS XIX. XX. XXI.
Denuding, transporting, and depositing agency of the waves, tides, andcurrents—Waste of sea-cliffs on the coast of England—Delta of theRhine—Deposition of sediment under the influence of marine currents	[290], [321], [337]
CHAPTER XXII.
Observed effects of igneous causes—Regions of active volcanoes	[344]
CHAPTERS XXIII. XXIV.
History of the volcanic eruptions of the district round Naples—Structure ofVesuvius—Herculaneum and Pompeii	[360], [375]
CHAPTER XXV.
Etna—Its eruptions—Structure and antiquity of the cone	[396]
CHAPTER XXVI.
Volcanoes of Iceland, Mexico, the Canaries, and Grecian Archipelago—Mudvolcanoes	[424]
CHAPTER XXVII.
Earthquakes and the permanent changes attending them	[451]
CHAPTER XXVIII.
Earthquake of 1783 in Calabria	[471]
CHAPTER XXIX.
Elevation and subsidence of dry land, and of the bed of the sea duringearthquakes—Evidence of the same afforded by the Temple of Serapis near Naples	[493]
CHAPTER XXX.
Elevation and subsidence of land in regions free from volcanoes andearthquakes—Rising of land in Sweden	[519]
CHAPTERS XXXI. XXXII.
Causes of earthquakes and volcanoes—Theory of central fluidity of theearth—Chemical theory of volcanoes—Causes of permanent upheaval anddepression of land	[533], [545]

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BOOK III. (Chapters XXXIII to L.)

observed changes of the organic world now in progress; first, nature and geographical distribution of species, and theories respecting their creation and extinction; secondly, the influence of organic beings in modifying physical geography; thirdly, the laws according to which they are imbedded in volcanic, freshwater, and marine deposits.

CHAPTERS XXXIII. XXXIV. XXXV. XXXVI.
Whether species have a real existence in nature—Theory of transmutation ofspecies—Variability of species—Phenomena of hybrids in animals and plants	[566], [578], [591], [600]
CHAPTER XXXVII.
Laws which regulate the geographical distribution of species—Distinct provinces ofpeculiar species of plants—Their mode of diffusion	[612]
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
Distinct provinces of peculiar species of animals—Distribution and dispersion ofquadrupeds, birds, and reptiles	[629]
CHAPTER XXXIX.
Geographical distribution and migrations of fish—Of testacea—Of zoophytes—Ofinsects—Geographical distribution and diffusion of the human race	[646]
CHAPTER XL.
Theories respecting the original introduction of species—Reciprocal influence ofspecies on each other	[665]
CHAPTERS XLI. XLII.
Extinction of species—How every extension of the range of a species alters the conditionof many others—Effect of changes of climate	[677], [689]
CHAPTER XLIII.
Creation of species—Whether the loss of certain animals and plants is compensatedby the introduction of new species	[701]
CHAPTER XLIV.
Modifications in physical geography caused by organic beings	[708]
CHAPTER XLV.
Imbedding of organic remains in peat, blown sand, and volcanic ejections	[718]
CHAPTER XLVI.
Imbedding of the same in alluvial deposits and in caves	[730]
CHAPTER XLVII.
Imbedding of organic remains in aqueous deposits—Terrestrial plants—Insects,reptiles, birds, quadrupeds	[742]
CHAPTER XLVIII.
Imbedding of the remains of man and his works	[753]
CHAPTER XLIX.
Imbedding of aquatic animals and plants, both freshwater and marine, in aqueousdeposits	[765]
CHAPTER L.
Formation of coral reefs	[775]

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LIST OF PLATES.

DIRECTIONS TO THE BINDER.

Frontispiece, View of the Temple of Serapis at Puzzuoli in 1836, to face title page.		[to face title page.]
Plate	1. Map showing the Area in Europe which has been coveredby Water since the beginning of the Eocene Period	[to face p. 121]
	2. Boulders drifted by Ice on the Shores of theSt. Lawrence.	[220]
	3. View looking up the Val del Bove, Etna.	[408]
	4. View of the Val del Bove, Etna, as seen from above	[404]

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