[71] See my Life of John Davis, p. 29.
[72] Engroneland.
[73] Purchas, III, p. 464, reprinted by Asher in his Hudson’s Voyages, p. 146. Among some protests of the Muscovy Company against Dutch encroachments, in the State Paper Office, there is one by a Captain Millworth in which Hudson’s Touches is mentioned.
[74] The following were the names of the crew: Henry Hudson (Master), and his son John Hudson, Robert Juet (Master’s Mate), Arnold Ladley (Mate), John Cooke (Boatswain), Philip Stacey (Carpenter), John Braunch (Cook), John Barnes, John Adrey, James Scrutton, Michael Pearce (or Pierce), Thomas Hilles, Richard Tonson, Robert Rayne, and Humphrey Gilby.
[75] “We were against Fair Foreland in 79° N.” [north end of Prince Charles Island]. “The night was very clear with fair weather, also calm, by which I had a very good opportunity to find the sun’s refraction. For beholding it about a north-north-east sun, by a common compass, at which time the sun was at the lowest, it was but one-fifth of his body above the horizon, having about four-fifth parts below, so near as I could guess. His declination for that instant was 10° 35′ N., being at noon in the 2° 7′ of Virgo, his daily motion was 58′ whose half being twenty-nine, to be added to the former, because it was at twelve hours after noon. I say his place at the instant was 2° 26′ of Virgo, whose declination was as before 10° 35′; the latitude of the place was 78° 47′ whose complement was 11° 13′ the declination being subtracted from the complement of the pole’s elevation, leaveth 38′, four-five part of which 12′, which being subtracted from 38 leaveth 26′ for refraction. But I suppose the refraction is more or less according as the air is thick or clear, which I leave for better scholars to discuss; but this I thought good to note for the better help of those who do profess this study.”
[76] In December 1615, Captain Joseph was appointed to command the fleet of the East India Company, consisting of the Charles and Unicorn (the Journal is in the India Office, No. 20). In 1617 he was slain in a fight with a Portuguese carrack. His widow received a pension.
[77] The family of Fotherby was from Grimsby. Martin Fotherby of Grimsby had two sons, Charles, Dean of Canterbury, who died in 1619, and Martin, Bishop of Salisbury. There is an elaborate tomb of the Dean in Canterbury Cathedral. Robert Fotherby was of the same family. His narratives of his three Spitsbergen voyages show that he had received a classical education, was observant, intelligent, and a thorough seaman. He afterwards entered the service of the East India Company, probably made one voyage to India, and was agent to the company at Deptford and in 1621 at Blackwall. He probably died in that employment.
[78] In 1617 Captain Marmaduke proposed to the King that he should be employed to make the north-east passage, but I have failed to discover anything more of his history.
[79] Since found to be three islands; the proper name of the group being Wyche Islands.
[80] For instance Wyche’s Sound, discovered by Baffin and Fotherby in 1614, if not by Marmaduke in 1612, is now called Wijde Bay, a name, as Sir Martin Conway has pointed out, that was never heard of before 1670.