[90] This map is excessively rare. It is only to be found in one or two copies of Foxe’s book. The British Museum copy has not got it, but a facsimile has been inserted.
[91] The Portuguese Admiral, Ruy Freire de Andrada, and 17 guns were captured when the Kishm fort was taken. Ormuz then surrendered and was handed over to Shah Abbas.
[92] La Peyrère’s account in his Relation du Groenland is unreliable and inaccurate.
Munk’s narrative, Navigatio Septentrionalis (Copenhagen, 1621), has been edited for the Hakluyt Society (1897) by Mr Gosch.
[93] This is the first place in which I have found the use of log and line mentioned, although it had been known for at least 60 years; indeed an obscure passage in Pigafetta seems to suggest its use by Magellan. Bourne, in his Regiment of the Sea, published in 1573, describes the log-ship as so made that it remains where it falls into the water, while the line runs out during a fixed interval by a minute glass. The intervals between the knots on the log line are to a minute as a mile is to an hour. In Bourne’s Inventions or Devices, No. 21, published in 1578, the inventor of the log and line is said to be Humphrey Cole of the Mint in the Tower; the maker of the instruments for Frobisher’s first and second voyages bought in 1576.
[94] It is interesting to note the equipment necessary to enable a mathematical captain to observe efficiently in 1631. Captain James had:—
- A quadrant of pear-wood of 4 ft. semidiameter.
- Equilateral triangle of 5 ft. radius.
- Quadrant of 2 ft. semidiameter.
- Staff of 7 ft., another of 6 ft.
- Gunter’s cross-staff.
- 3 Jacob’s staves.
- 2 Davis’s back-staves.
- 6 Meridian compasses.
- 4 Needles in square boxes.
- 6 Needles of 3 inches.
- 4 Special 6-inch needles.
- A loadstone to refresh needles.
- A watch-clock 6 inches in diameter.
- A lesser watch.
- Small sand-glasses.
- Log-line.
- Hakluyt.
- Purchas.
- The best mathematical books available.
[96] Hans Egede made out half a dozen words to be common to Eskimos and Norsemen. Quan, the word for angelica, is nearly the same in both languages. In Eskimo Kona is a woman, in Norse Kone; in Eskimo Nerriok to eat, in Norse Naere; Nise, the word for porpoise, is the same in both languages. Ashes is Asket in Eskimo, in Norse Aske. In Eskimo a lamp is Kollek, in Norse Kolle.
[97] Count Zinzendorf was the founder of the congregation from Moravia, formed to promote the conversion of the heathen. He built a station on one of his estates in 1728, which was called Herrnhut. From hence missionaries went forth—chiefly to the West Indies, Greenland, and Labrador—known as Moravian missionaries. “Herrnhut” means “the Lord’s keeping.”