[26] M. Delondre decided that the fruit and flowers, though having a bitter principle, did not contain the alkaloids, while the roots contained them, though in smaller proportion than the bark of the trunk and branches.
[27] Weddell.
[28] Briquet, p. 22.
[29] Nueva Quinologia de Pavon, No. 10.
[30] Aricine, as a sulphate, does not crystallize, but forms a peculiar trembling jelly. It was so named from the port of Arica, whence the bark of C. pubescens is exported.
[31] Pereira says that, if a substance suspected to contain quina be powdered, then shaken with ether, and afterwards successively treated with chlorine and ammonia, the liquid will assume a green colour if the slightest trace of quina be present.—Mat. Med. ii. part ii. p. 119. One or two pounds of bark suffice well for an analysis.
[32] Traité Thérapeutique du Quinquina et de ses préparations, par P. Briquet, Paris, 1855. Also Pereira's Materia Medica.
[33] The word quinquina is generally adopted for the medical preparations which are taken from Peruvian bark. Quina signifies bark in Quichua, and quinquina is a bark possessing some medicinal property. Quinine is, of course, derived from quina, chinchonine from chinchona. The Spaniards corrupted the word quina into china; and in homœopathy the word china is still retained. In 1735, when M. de la Condamine visited Peru, the native name of quina-quina was almost entirely replaced by the Spanish term cascarilla, which also means bark.
[34] Autobiography of Sir James MacGrigor, chap. xii. p. 241.
[35] Dictionnaire des Sciences Médicales, quoted by Delondre, p. 7.