Ferns at Mahabaleshwur.
- Lastrea densa and cochleata.
- Nephrodium molle.
- Sagenia hippocrepis.
- Athyrium filix fœmina.
- Asplenium planicaule and erectum.
- Diplazium esculentum.
- Pteris quadrialata, lucida, and aquilina.
- Campteria Rottleriana.
- Adiantum lunulatum.
- Cheilanthes farinosa.
- Polypodium quercifolium.
- Pleopeltis nuda.
- Pœcilopteris virens.
- Leptochilus lanceolatus.
- Acrostichum aureum.
- Lygodium scandens.
- Osmunda regalis.
[488] Every Hindu wears a sect-mark on his forehead. These marks are thick daubs of white earth, red ochre, or sandal-wood, and there are several forms according to the different sects. The grand distinctions are between worshippers of Vishnu and Siva, the latter wearing his mark horizontal, and the former perpendicular. Any conical or triangular mark is a symbol of the linga. Two perpendicular lines and a dot between, denotes a worshipper of Vishnu as Rama or Krishna, &c. &c.
[489] Cleghorn, p. 222. Dalzell, p. 86.
[490] Or Euphorbia neriifolia. Dalzell, p. 226.
[491] Account of the village of Lony, by T. Coats. Transactions of the Bombay Literary Society, 1823, vol. iii. p. 172.
[492] The cumboo of the Madras Presidency (Holcus spicatus).
[493] The cholum of Madras (Sorghum vulgare).
[494] The natives of India are supplied, by Nature, with an endless variety of condiments to season their food, many of them growing wild. In the different parts of India I noticed as many as twenty-five ingredients used in curries and porridges. The tender leaves and legumes of the agati (Agati grandiflora); oil from the elloopa fruit (Bassia longifolia); young unripe gourds of the Benincasa cerifera; the papaw fruit; cocoanut-oil; the leaves of Canthium parviflorum; capsicums; cinnamon; leaves of Cocculus villosus; turmeric; cardamoms; jhingo (Luffa acutangula); the fruit of Momordica charantia; green fruit of Morinda citrifolia; the legumes of the horse-radish-tree (Hyperanthera Moringa); the plantain; the tender shoots of the lotus; the pickled seeds of a Nymphæa; the leaves of Premna latifolia; berries of Solanum verbascifolium; legumes of Trigonella tetrapetala; the white centre of the leaf culms of lemon-grass; the Lablab cultratus; onions; the fruit of Sapota elingoides in the Neilgherries; the moong (Phaseolus mungo); and many other pulses.
[495] The ploughs, and the carts on wheels bringing home the food from the fields, are mentioned in the 1st Ashtaka of the Rig Veda.