[507] The chinchona-plantations were commenced in Java in December 1854. On the 31st of December, 1860, they had of
| C. Calisaya plants: | 5510 | in the germinating sheds. |
| 1806 | planted out. | |
| 1030 | living cuttings. | |
| C. lancifolia plants: | 38 | in the nursery sheds. |
| 42 | planted out. | |
| 28 | living cuttings. | |
| Total .. .. | 8454 |
Their other species is worthless.—Mr. Fraser's Report, p. 2.
[508] "It is the height of improvidence for the collectors to strip off the bark from the roots, thus securing a worthless product at the expense of any possible future renovation of the tree."—Howard.
[509] See chap. iii. p. 58.
[510] This is provided for in Java by placing a shed over the young plants.
[511] Mr. McIvor informs me that the winter of 1861-62 was the coldest he has experienced since he came to the Neilgherry hills, a period of fourteen years.
[512] Spruce's Report, p. 23.
[513] Howard, Nueva Quinologia, Nos. 2 and 7.
[514] Cross's Report, p. 5.