[4]. See Spenser’s View of the State of Ireland, written in 1596, vol. viii. of his works, printed in octavo in 1805.
[5]. These are taken from the census returns of the respective periods.
[6]. The citations hereafter made, are taken from ‘The Statutes at Large, passed in the Parliament held in Ireland’—published by authority in thirteen volumes folio, in 1786.
[7]. That is every town within the English pale.
[8]. The average price of wheat in Mark-lane for the week ending on the 10th of November, was 83s. 8d. per qr. For the week ending on Nov. 15, 1851 the price per quarter was 36s. 4d.; and for the week ending Nov. 13, 1852 the price per quarter was 39s. 11d.
[9]. So called after Sir Edward Poynings, who was lord deputy in Ireland during a great part of Henry’s reign, and in the earlier part of that of his successor. The lord deputy is described as “the active scourge of all insurgents,” and it was latterly said of him that “he might call all Ireland his own.” See Liber Munerum, book ii. cap. 1. Mr. Lascelles gives 1494 as the year in which this Act was passed. In the Statutes at Large it bears the date of 1495.
[10]. See ‘History of the English Poor Law,’ vol. i. pages 100 and 110. 11th Henry 7th, cap. 2, and 6th Henry 8th, cap. 3.
[13]. See ‘History of the English Poor Law,’ vol. i. pp. 115, 171, 233 and 234.