Ancient Law: Its Connection to the History of Early Society

by Sir Henry Sumner Maine

INDEX

• Austin, [69], [171];
  • Province of Jurisprudence Determined, [4]
• Ayala, [64]
• Bentham, [18], [46], [54], [70], [147];
• • Fragment on Government, [4]
• Blackstone, [67], [89], [150], [152]
• Cambridge Essays, 1856, Maine, [205], [212]
• Capture in war, [145], [146]
• Casuistry, [205], [206], [207]
• Charlemagne, [62], [233]
• Codes, Attic of Solon, [9];
• • era of, [8];
  • first introduced into the West, [10];
  • Hindoo Law of Menu, [10]-12;
  • Justinian, [25], [27];
  • Napoléon, [104];
  • Roman, superiority over Hindoo, [10]-12;
  • Twelve Tables of Rome, [1], [8], [9], [12], [20]
• Contract, Austin on, [190];
  • Bentham on, [190];
  • Imperative Law, [182];
  • judicial and popular error, [181];
  • Law of Nations, [181], [196], [197];
  • literal or written, [194];
  • origin lies in the family, [99];
  • pact or convention, [184], [185];
  • real, [195];
  • Roman, classification, [191], [192];
  • consensual, [195]-198;
  • Domestic System, [194];
  • Nexum, definition of, [185]-189;
  • Rousseau, [181];
  • sale, [188]
• Conveyances and contracts, confusion between, [185]-187;
  • and mancipation, [185]
• Corpus juris civilis, [26]
• Creditors, powers of, in ancient system, [189]
• Crimes and wrongs, confusion between, [231], [232];
  • distinction between primitive and modern, [217], [218];
  • Kemble in Anglo-Saxons, [218]
• Criminal Law, Athens, [224];
  • degree of guilt, [223];
  • four stages of primitive history, [226];
  • influence of Church, [233];
  • primitive religious code, [218], [219];
  • Roman, crime against State, [219];
  • B.C. [149], [225];
  • origin of, [225];
  • sentence of death, [227]-229;
  • theft, [222], [223];
  • tribunals, [228]-230;
  • under emperors, [230]-232
• Customary Law, epoch of, [7], [8];
  • Hindoo, [4]
• Dangers of Law, rigidity, too rapid development, [44], [45]
• Debtors, severity of ancient system, [189]
• Equity, [172];
• • early history of, [15];
  • Lord Eldon on, [40];
  • English, [40], [41];
  • meaning of, [17];
  • origin, [34], [35];
  • Roman compared with English, [40]-42
• Feudalism, explanation of, [214]
• Gaius, [90], [174], [220]-223
• Grote, decline of kingly rule, [6];
• • History of Greece, [3], [5];
  • law administered by aristocracies, [7]
• Grotius, Hugo, [56], [58], [59], [64];
  • De Jure Belli et Pacis, [205]
• Homer, earliest notions of law derived from, [2], [3];
• • Themis, Themistes, [2]-5
• Indian (Hindoo) Law, see separate headings Codes, Customary, Primogeniture, Property, Testamentary Law, Village communities
• Institutional Treatise (Justinian), [27]
• International Law, [64];
• • and occupancy, [145]
• Law of Nations (Jus Gentium), incorporation with Roman Law, [36], [37];
• • origin of, [27]-31
• Legal fictions, benefit of, [77];
  • examples in English Law, [18];
  • in Roman Law, [15], [16];
  • meaning, useful purpose of, [15], [16]
• Legis Actio Sacramenti, Gaius on, [220], [221]
• Legislation, the agent of legal
  • improvement, [17];
  • differing from equity, legal fictions, [17], [18]
• Lettres Persanes, [183]
• Maine, Cambridge Essays, 1856, [205], [212]
• Mancipation, [120], [121], [163]-169, [185]
• Menu, Laws of, [10]-12
• Montesquieu, [49], [51], [183]
• Natural Law (Law of Nature), American Law and, [56];
• • antagonistic to historical method, [53];
  • confusing past with present, [43];
  • equality of man, [54]-56;
  • equality of sex, [90];
  • feudalism, [62], [65];
  • French history, [47], [48], [50], [53];
  • French Law, [56];
  • Greek interpretation of, [44];
  • Grotian system, [56], [58], [59], [64]-66;
  • incorporated with Roman Law, [36], [37];
  • influence of Stoics, [32], [33];
  • Modern International Law, [56]-60;
  • most critical period, [50];
  • modern society, [54];
  • occupancy, [145]-147, [153];
  • origin of, [31], [32];
  • private property, [164];
  • Rousseau on, [51];
  • slavery, [95];
  • territorial sovereignty, [60]-63;
  • Testamentary Law, [103], [104]
• Occupancy, [144], [145];
• • in Roman Law, [145]
• Pascal, Provincial Letters, [207]
• Prescriptions, [167], [168];
• • and Canon Law, [168]
• Primogeniture, Celtic customs, [141], [142];
• • feudal system, [135]-137;
  • Hindoo Law, [134], [137], [141];
  • Mahometan Law, [142];
  • Roman Law, [133], [134]
• Property, natural modes of acquiring, [144]
• Property Law, ancient Germanic, [165],
• • ancient Sclavonic, [165];
  • descent in Middle Ages, [132];
  • Indian Law, [165];
  • origin of, [145];
  • possession, [170], [172];
  • private, ancient forms of transfer, [160], [162]-164;
  • Roman, [60], [66], [166];
  • Cessio in Jure, [170];
  • Edictum Perpetuum, [37];
  • Emphyteusis, [175]-178;
  • Gaius on, [174];
  • Justinian, [174];
  • law of persons and things, [152];
  • mancipation, [163], [169];
  • possessory interdicts, [171];
  • Praetor's interdict, [172];
  • Res Mancipi, [160]-164, [173];
  • Res Nec Mancipi, [164];
  • system of farming, [176];
  • usucapion, [167], [169], [173]
• Roman Law, see separate headings Contracts, Criminal, Property, Occupancy, Testamentary;
• • Decemviral Law, [20];
  • definition of inheritance, [107];
  • end of period of jurists, [40];
  • influence of Praetor, [38];
  • intestacy, [127]-130;
  • law of inheritance, [111];
  • Leges Corneliae, [24], [25];
  • Leges Juliae, [25];
  • marriage, [91];
  • obligation in, [190], [191], [195], [197];
  • Pandects of Justinian, [39];
  • powers of Praetor, [37], [39];
  • Praetorian edict, [24], [25];
  • Responsa Prudentum, [20], [21], [24];
  • reverence of Romans for, [22];
  • Statute Law, [25];
  • Twelve Tables, 1, 8, 9, [12], [20]
• Rousseau, on Social Contract, [181]
• Savigny, [171];
• • on occupancy, [150]
• Slavery, American opinions of, [96];
  • influence of Law of Nature upon, [97];
  • Roman system, [95]-97
• Status, definition of, [100]
• Testamentary Law, adoption and testation, [114], [115];
• • Church's influence upon, [102];
  • corporation, aggregate and sole, [110];
  • Hindoo Law, [113], [114];
  • Hindoo compared with Roman, [113];
  • Law of Nature, [103], [104];
  • Roman Law, [111], [112], [117]-123;
  • mancipation, [120], [123];
  • Praetorian testament, [123]-125;
  • Twelve Tables, [112], [119], [122];
  • Roman family, agnatic and cognatic relationship, [86]-89;
  • duties and rights of father, [85];
  • effects of Christianity, [92];
  • family, the basis of State, [75], [76];
  • kinship, [86], [88];
  • modification of parental privileges, [84];
  • origin of contract in, [99];
  • origin of law of persons, [89];
  • parental powers, [80]-82, [88]
• Theology, and Jurisprudence, [208]-210;
  • moral, [204], [205]
• Theories, based on Roman doctrine, Bentham, [69];
  • Blackstone, [67];
  • differing from Roman Glossators, annotations of, [67];
  • Grotius, [67];
  • Jurisprudence, dissatisfaction with, [70];
  • Locke, [67];
  • Montesquieu, [68];
  • patriarchal, [72]-75
• Universal succession, [106];
• • in Roman Law, [106], [107]
• "Universatis Juris," [105]
• Village communities, Indian, [153], [154], [156], [158];
• • Indian, compared with Roman gens, [155];
  • Indian, Elphinstone, History of India, [155], [156];
  • Russian [157]
• Women, ancient rules defeated by Natural Law, [90];
• • Canon Law, [93];
  • English Common Law, [93], [94];
  • Roman family, [90], [91];
  • gradual independence under Roman Law, [91], [92];
  • Roman, perpetual tutelage of, [90];
  • under Roman Law, [89], [90];
  • subordination to husband in Middle Ages, [92];
  • subordination of Roman to relations, [90]

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