Footnote 4191: [(return)]
See figure above.
Footnote 4201: [(return)]
Mr. Jerdan, in a series of papers in the thirteenth volume of the Annals of Natural History, has described forty-seven species of ants in Southern India. But M. Nietner has recently forwarded to the Berlin Museum upwards of seventy species taken by him in Ceylon, chiefly in the western province and the vicinity of Colombo. Of these many are identical with those noted by Mr. Jerdan as belonging to the Indian continent. One (probably Drepanognathus saltator of Jerdan) is described by M. Nietner as occasionally "moving by jumps of several inches at a spring."
Footnote 4202: [(return)]
Dr. DAVY, in a paper on Tropical Plants, has introduced the following passage relative to the purification of sugar by ants:
"If the juice of the sugar-cane—the common syrup as expressed by the mill—be exposed to the air, it gradually evaporates, yielding a light-brown residue, like the ordinary muscovado sugar of the best quality. If not protected, it is presently attacked by ants, and in a short time is, as it were, converted into white crystalline sugar, the ants having refined it by removing the darker portion, probably preferring that part from it containing azotized matter. The negroes, I may remark, prefer brown sugar to white: they say its sweetening power is greater; no doubt its nourishing quality is greater, and therefore as an article of diet deserving of preference. In refining sugar as in refining salt (coarse bay salt containing a little iodine), an error may be committed in abstracting matter designed by nature for a useful purpose."
Footnote 4211: [(return)]
See ante, p. 317.
Footnote 4221: [(return)]
Formica smaragdina, Fab.
Footnote 4231: [(return)]
For an account of this pest, see p. 437.
Footnote 4241: [(return)]
KNOX'S Historical Relation of Ceylon, pt. i. ch. vi. p. 23.
Footnote 4261: [(return)]
Lycæna polyommatus, &c.
Footnote 4262: [(return)]
Amblypodia pseudocentaurus, &c.
Footnote 4263: [(return)]
Pamphila hesperia, &c.