All things that are lawful are not honourable. The law is constrained by the necessary imperfections of its methods to confer many rights and allow many liberties which a just and honourable man will not claim or exercise.

27. Nullus videtur dolo facere, qui suo jure utitur.

D. 50. 17. 55.

A malicious or improper motive cannot make wrongful in law an act which would be rightful apart from such motive. The rule, however, is subject to important limitations. See § 136.

28. Qui facit per alium, facit per se.

Co. Litt. 258a.

He who does a thing by the instrumentality of another is considered as if he had acted in his own person.

29. Qui prior est tempore potior est jure.

Cf. C. 8. 17. 3: Sicut prior est tempore, ita potior jure.

Where two rights or titles conflict, the earlier prevails, unless there is some special reason for preferring the later. See § 85.