SKULL FROM TRUCHÈRE, SHOWING A PECULIAR PALANTHROPIC TYPE ALLIED TO NEANTHROPIC RACES (after Quatrefages)
The race of Truchère is represented by only a single skull; but Quatrefages vouches for it as belonging to the age of the mammoth. It is a well-formed brachycephalic cranium of unusually great internal capacity, and would be regarded anywhere as indicating a race of high and refined cerebral endowment. If really of the mammoth age, it may have belonged to a straggler or captive from a higher and more cultured tribe, introduced accidentally into a sepulchre of the Cro-magnon period. It connects itself with the speculation in the preceding pages as to the existence of such a race. This skull resembles, as we should expect, the type of the neanthropic men who spread over the earth at the beginning of that later age.
Table Showing Relations of Later Cenozoic Ages in Europe
 | Geological Periods | Geography and Climate | Fauna | Periods | Epochs |
| Modern or neanthropic | The actual climate and geographical arrangements | Modern quadrupeds, including domestic animals | So-called of Iron, Bronze, and Polished Stone | Recent Roman Gaulish Iberian | |
| Post-glacial or palanthropic | Cold and dry, with widely extended continents. Extension of glaciers &c. Warm and moist, extended continents | Reindeer, mammoth (Elephas primigenius), hairy rhinoceros (R. tichorhinus), Elephas antiquus and R. Merkii | So-called palæolithic or Age of Chipped Stone | Magdalenian Soloutrian Mousterian Chellean | |
| Pleistocene or glacial | Glacial period.Submergence and diminished continents | Arctic animals and plants | No certain trace of Man | ||
| Pliocene | First continental period. Mild climate | Elephas meridionalis, Rhinoceros leptorhinus, and other extinct mammals | |||
END OF THE PALANTHROPIC AGE