It would be easy to show how all Indian philosophy was a mere scheme for getting rid of the bugbear of metempsychosis, and how common was the doctrine that everything is for the worst in the worst of all possible worlds. This was taught by the Brāhmans five centuries B.C., and continued to be a thoroughly Hindū idea long after the disappearance of Buddhism. Witness the following from the Maitrāyaṇi Upanishad:—

In this weak body, ever liable

To wrath, ambition, avarice, illusion,

To fear, grief, envy, hatred, separation

From those we hold most dear, association

With those we hate; continually exposed

To hunger, thirst, disease, decrepitude,

Emaciation, growth, decline and death,

What relish can there be for true enjoyment?

Also the following, from Manu (VI. 77):—