The assistance so generously afforded in the case of Stonehenge by Colonel Johnston, R.E., in furnishing me with accurate azimuths was continued for the monuments subsequently investigated till his retirement. To his successor, Colonel R. C. Hellard, R.E., I am already under deep obligations.

For the use of some of the Illustrations my thanks are due to the Royal Society, the Society of Antiquaries, the Royal Institute of British Architects, Messrs. Macmillan, and Mr. John Murray.

I have to thank Mr. Rolston, F.R.A.S., one of my staff, for assistance in the computations involved.

NORMAN LOCKYER.

Solar Physics Observatory,

17th May, 1906.

CONTENTS

PAGE
Preface[v]
CHAPTER
I.Introductory[1]
II.The Astronomical Divisions of the Year[12]
III.The Agricultural Divisions of the Year[17]
IV.The Various New-Year Days[25]
V.Conditions and Traditions at Stonehenge[34]
VI.General Architecture of Stonehenge[55]
VII.Astronomical Observations at Stonehenge in 1901[62]
VIII.Archæological Observations at Stonehenge, 1901[69]
IX.Was there an Earlier Circle?[88]
X.The May and June Worships in Brittany[96]
XI.Astronomical Hints for Archæologists[107]
XII.Astronomical Hints for Archæologists (Continued)[118]
XIII.Stenness (Lat. 59° N.)[123]
XIV.The Hurlers (Lat. 50° 31′ N.)[133]
XV.The Dartmoor Avenues[145]
XVI.The Dartmoor Avenues (Continued)[157]
XVII.Stanton Drew (Lat. 51° 10′ N.)[166]
XVIII.Folklore and Tradition[178]
XIX.Sacred Fires[189]
XX.Sacred Trees[200]
XXI.Holy Wells and Streams[213]
XXII.Where did the British Worship Originate?[232]
XXIII.The Similarity of the Semitic and British Worships[252]
XXIV.The May Year in South-West Cornwall[261]
XXV.The Merry Maidens Circle (Lat. 50° 4′ N.)[265]
XXVI.The Tregaseal Circles[277]
XXVII.Some other Cornish Monuments[287]
XXVIII.The Clock-Stars in Egypt and Britain[294]
XXIX.A Short History of Sun-Temples[304]
XXX.The Life of the Astronomer-Priests[316]
APPENDICES.
I.Details of the Theodolite Observations at Stonehenge[325]
II.Suggestions on Field Observations[329]
Index[333]