[875] De Re Mil. i. 16.
[876] Essais de Montaigne, l. ii., chap. 24 (Paris: Garnier Frères, 1874).
[877] Or maître d’armes, a word borrowed by Rome from Etruria. The legionary teachers were termed armidoctores and campidoctores.
[878] Athenæus (iv. 41) relates from Hermippus and Ephorus that the Mantineans were the inventors of Gladiatorism proper (μονομαχοῦντες), suggested by one of their citizens, Demus or Demonax, and that the Cyreneans followed suit.
[879] Livy, xxviii. 21.
[880] In early Roman days the Gladiator was infamous; even Petronius Arbiter (Satyr. cap. i) uses ‘you obscene gladiator’ as an insult.
[881] Philip. ii. 25.
[882] Marius and Pompey the Great both ‘kept up’ their swordsmanship in these schools and in the Champ de Mars, the latter till the age of fifty-eight.
[883] Hence his simple medication when hors de combat, ‘refreshing himself with a drink of lye of ashes.’ Can they mean the antiseptic charcoal, whose use has been revived of late years?
[884] Nat. Hist. xxxvi. 24.