[15] Depont et Coppolani, p. 127 sq. [↑]
[16] It is not the place here to deal with the rise and political history of the various kingdoms of the Western Sudan; this has been done most fully for the English reader by Lady Lugard in her work entitled, “A Tropical Dependency. An Outline of the Ancient History of the Western Sudan, with an Account of the Modern Settlement of Northern Nigeria.” (London, 1905.) See also H. F. Helmolt: The World’s History, vol. iii. chap. ix. (London, 1903.) [↑]
[18] Leo Africanus. (Ramusio, tom. i. pp. 7, 77.) [↑]
[20] Taʼrīk͟h al-Sūdān, p. 3. [↑]
[22] So Meyer following Barth; the Taʼrīk͟h al-Sūdān (p. 12) places the date about three centuries earlier. [↑]
[23] Félix Dubois gives a plan and reconstruction of this mosque, which was destroyed by order of Shayk͟hu Aḥmadu about 1830, in “Tombouctou la Mystérieuse,” chap. ix. [↑]