[10] Id. pp. 1112–15. [↑]

[11] Muir, Caliphate, pp. 90–4. [↑]

[12] Caetani, vol. ii. p. 299. Wellhausen, iv. p. 156 (n. 5). [↑]

[13] Ṭabarī, Prima Series, p. 2482. [↑]

[14] For an exhaustive study of the jizyah, with a masterly array and critical examination of all the available historical materials, see Caetani, vol. v. p. 319 sqq.; for Egypt during the first century of Muslim rule, see Bell, p. 167 sqq., and Becker, Beiträge zur Geschichte Aegyptens unter dem Islam, p. 81 sqq. [↑]

[15] Caetani (vol. iv. p. 227) believes that this story is the invention of a later epoch, to explain the fiscal anomaly of a Christian tribe being treated as if it were Muslim. [↑]

[16] The few meagre notices of this tribe in the works of Arabic historians have been admirably summarised by Lammens: Le Chantre des Omiades. (J. A., ix. sér., tome iv. pp. 97–9, 438–59.) See also Caetani, vol. iv. p. 227 sqq. [↑]

[17] Caetani, vol. ii. p. 1180. [↑]

[18] Barhebræus (3), pp. 134–5. [↑]

[19] Caetani, vol. ii. p. 828. [↑]