[THE SPREAD OF ISLAM IN THE MALAY ARCHIPELAGO].

Early intercourse between the Malay Archipelago and Arabia and India. Methods of missionary work. History of Islam in Sumatra; in the Malay Peninsula; in Java; in the Moluccas; in Borneo; in Celebes; in the Philippine and the Sulu Islands; among the Papuans. The Muslim missionaries: traders: ḥājīs 363

CHAPTER XIII.

[CONCLUSION].

Absence of missionary organisation in Islam: zeal on the part of individuals. Who are the Muslim missionaries? Causes that have contributed to their success: the simplicity of the Muslim creed: the rationalism and ritualism of Islam. Islam not spread by the sword. The toleration of Muhammadan governments. Circumstances contributing to the progress of Islam in ancient and in modern times 408

APPENDIX I.

[Letter of al-Hāshimī inviting al-Kindī to embrace Islam] 428

APPENDIX II.

[Controversial literature between Muslims and the followers of other faiths] 436

APPENDIX III.