b. Above olive-green, the back streaked with chestnut; crissum yellow; streaks of black on sides.
28. D. discolor. Bright gamboge-yellow beneath; streak on lores and along side of neck, as well as along sides and flanks, deep black; dorsal feathers chestnut medially. ♀ duller, but similar; juv. not seen. Hab. Eastern Province of United States: in winter, throughout West Indies.
c. Above olive-brown, the back not streaked; crissum gamboge-yellow; streaks of reddish-chestnut on sides.
29. D. palmarum. Ad. Forehead and crown deep rufous; superciliary stripe bright yellow, continued back over auriculars; sexes alike. Juv. and ad. in winter. Crown brownish, streaked with dusky; streaks on sides more dusky. Hab. Eastern Province of North America, north to Fort Simpson and Hudson’s Bay; Bahamas; Cuba, St. Domingo, and Jamaica, in winter.
Dendroica æstiva, Baird.
YELLOW WARBLER; SUMMER YELLOW-BIRD.
Motacilla æstiva, Gm. Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 996.—Sylvia æstiva, Lath.; Vieill. II, pl. xcv.—Aud. Orn. Biog. I, pl. xxxv. 93. Sylvicola æst. Swains.—Aud. Birds. Am. II, pl. lxxxviii. Rhimamphus æst. Bon.; Cab. Jour. III, 472 (Cuba). Dendroica æst. Baird, Birds N. Am. 1858, 282; Rev. 195.—Sclater, Catal. 1861, 32, No. 194.(Ecuador, Cayenne, N. Granada).—Taylor, Ibis, 1864, 81 (Trinidad).—Cooper & Suckley, P. R. R. XII, II, 1859, 181 (N. W. coast).—Samuels, 237.—Dall & Bannister, (Alaska).—Cooper, Orn. Cal. 1, 1870, 87. Sylvia carolinensis, Lath. Ind. Orn. II, 1790, 551. ? Sylvia flava, Vieillot, II, 1807, 31, pl. lxxxi. Sylvia citrinella, Wils. II, pl. xv, fig. 5. Sylvia childreni, Aud. Orn. Biog. I, 1831, pl. xxxv (young). ? Sylvia rathbonia, Aud. Orn. Biog. I, 1831, pl. lxv. Sylvicola r. Aud. Birds Am. II, pl. lxxxix. Motacilla rubiginosa, Pallas, Zoög. Rosso-Asiat. I, 1831, 496 (Kodiak). Rhimamphus chryseolus, Bon. Bull. Soc. Linn. Caen, II, 1851, 32 (D. æstiva, from South America; Cayenne).
Other localities: Xalapa, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1859, 363. Guatemala, Sclater & Salvin, Ibis, 1859, page 11. Panama, winter, Lawr. Ann. N. Y. Lyc. 1861, 322. Turbo, N. Granada, Cass. Pr. A. N. Sc. 1860, 191. Bogota, Sclater, Pr. 1855, 143. City of Mexico, Ib. 1864, 172.
Sp. Char. Bill lead-color. Head all round, and under parts generally, bright yellow; rest of upper parts yellow-olivaceous, brightest on the rump. Back with obsolete streaks of dusky reddish-brown. Fore breast and sides of the body streaked with brownish-red. Tail-feathers bright yellow; the outer webs and tips, with the whole upper surfaces of the innermost one, brown; extreme outer edges of wing and tail-feathers olivaceous like the back; the middle and greater coverts and tertials edged with yellow, forming two bands on the wings. Female similar, with the crown olivaceous like the back, and the streaks
wanting on the back, and much restricted on the under parts. Tail with more brown. Length of male, 5.25; wing, 2.66; tail. 2.25. (No. 940.) Young. Dull brownish-olive above; pale ochraceous-yellow beneath, with the throat more whitish; the yellow of tail restricted to inner half of inner webs. The latter feature will serve to distinguish it from any other North American species.