A. garrulus. Secondaries and primary coverts tipped with white, forming two broad short bands. Primaries with outer webs tipped with yellow. Hab. Arctic regions of both hemispheres; in winter south into northern United States, and along Rocky Mountains as far as Fort Massachusetts, New Mexico.
B. Wings unvariegated. Lower tail-coverts white. Crest moderately developed. Forehead, etc., not different from crest. Chin only black, this fading gradually into the brown of throat. A white line between black of lore, etc., and brown of forehead. Inner webs of primaries not tipped with white.
a. Terminal band of tail yellow.
A. cedrorum. Wing bluish-ashy. Hab. Whole of North America, from 52° N., south (in winter?) to Guatemala; Jamaica and Cuba in winter.
Ampelis garrulus, Linn.
NORTHERN WAXWING; BOHEMIAN CHATTERER.
Lanius garrulus, Linn. “Fauna Suecica 2, No. 82.”—Ib. Syst. Nat. 10th ed. 1758, 95. Ampelis garrulus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 12th ed. 1766, 297 (Europe).—Baird, Birds N. Am. 1858, 317; Rev. 405.—Boardman, Pr. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. IX, 1862, 126 (Calais, Me.).—Cooper, Pr. Cal. Acad. II, 1861 (1863), 122 (Fort Mohave, Ar.). Bombycilla garrula, Bon. Zoöl. Jour. III, 1827, 50.—Rich.—Aud. Orn. Biog. IV, 462, pl. ccclxiii.—Ib. Birds Am. IV, 169, pl. ccxlvi.—Maynard, B. E. Mass., 107.—Dall & Bannister, 280 (Alaska).—Cooper, Orn. Cal. 1, 1870, 127.—Samuels, Birds N. Eng. 264. Bombycilla garrula, Keys. & Blas. Wirb. Europas, 1840, 167.—Degland, Ornith. Europ. I, 1849, 349 (European).—Wolley, Pr. Z. S. 1857, 55 (nest and eggs).—Newton, Ibis, 1861, 92, pl. iv (nesting).—Nordmann, Cab. Jour. VI, 1858, 307, and VII, 1859, pl. i (nesting). (European.)
Other figures: Bon. Am. Orn. III, pl. xvi.
PLATE XVIII.