a. Wing, 3.00. Body always yellow; head red in the ♂.
6. P. erythrocephala.[102] Above olive-green, beneath yellow. ♂. Head red. Wing, 3.00; tail, 2.70. Hab. Mexico (Temiscaltipec).
b. Wing 3.50 or more. Body and head red in ♂.
Commissure with a distinct tooth; bill bluish.
7. P. hepatica. Bill small, not swollen laterally; culmen gently curved terminally, straight basally; commissural tooth small. ♂. Above reddish-ashy, becoming brighter reddish on the head above; beneath minium-scarlet medially, much tinged with ashy laterally. ♀. Ashy-green and greenish-yellow, instead of reddish. Juv. ♂, similar, but throat tinged with orange-red.
Auriculars grayish like the back; eyelids light red; lores grayish. Wing, 4.10; tail, 3.40; bill, .50. Hab. Table-lands of Middle America, north into southern Rocky Mountains of United States. … var. hepatica.
Auriculars reddish like the neck; eyelids and lores well defined, buffy-white. Wing, 3.60; tail, 3.25; bill, .46. Hab. Paraguay. … var. azaræ.[103]
8. P. saira. Bill large, much swollen laterally, the culmen curved both terminally and basally. ♂. Above dark brownish-red, beneath deep scarlet, duller laterally. ♀. Bright olive-green and intense orange-yellow, instead of reddish.
Commissural tooth indistinct; forehead considerably brighter reddish or yellowish than the back. ♂. Beneath almost entirely pure vermilion-scarlet. ♀. Beneath almost wholly pure gamboge-yellow. Wing, 4.00; tail, 3.40; culmen, .80. Hab. Eastern South America (Brazil and Trinidad) … var. saira.[104]
Commissural tooth distinct, prominent; forehead scarcely brighter reddish or yellowish than the back. ♂. Beneath brownish-scarlet medially, more brownish laterally. ♀. Beneath Indian-yellow medially, greenish laterally. Wing, 3.70; tail, 3.20; culmen, .80. Hab. Southern Middle America, on the Atlantic (Belize, Rio Manati, Costa Rica, Angostura, and Veragua) … var. testacea.[105]