4. J. cinereus. Whole back, scapulars, wing-coverts, and tertials rufous.
Throat and jugulum pale ash; back bright rufous. Wing, 3.10; tail, 3.00; bill, .34 and .25; tarsus, .80. Hab. Tablelands and mountains of Mexico … var. cinereus.[119]
Throat and jugulum deep ash; back dull, or olivaceous-rufous. Wing, 3.15; tail, 3.10; bill, .44 and .34; tarsus, .90. Hab. High mountains of Guatemala … var. alticola.[120]
Junco hyemalis, Sclater.
SNOWBIRD.
Fringilla hyemalis, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, (10th ed.,) 1758, 183 (not of Gmelin or Latham).—Aud. Orn. Biog. I, 1831, 72; V, 505, pl. xiii.—Max. Cab. Jour. VI, 1858, 277. Fringilla (Spiza) hyemalis, Bon. Syn. 1828, 109. Emberiza hyemalis, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 308. Struthus hyemalis, Bon. List, 1838.—Ib. Consp. 1850, 475. Niphæa hyemalis, Aud. Synopsis, 1839, 106.—Ib. Birds Am. III, 1841, 88, pl. clxvii. Junco hyemalis, Sclater, Pr. Zoöl. Soc. 1857, 7.—Baird, Birds N. Am. 1858, 468.—Coues, P. A. N. S. 1861, 224.—Dall & Bannister, Tr. Ch. Ac. I, 1869, 284.—Samuels, 314. Fringilla hudsonia, Forster, Philos. Trans. LXII, 1772, 428.—Gmelin, I, 1788, 926.—Wilson’s Index, VI, 1812, p. xiii. Fringilla nivalis, Wilson, II, 1810, 129, pl. xvi, f. 6.
Sp. Char. Everywhere of a grayish or dark ashy-black, deepest anteriorly; the middle of the breast behind and of the belly, the under tail-coverts, and first and second external tail-feathers, white; the third tail-feather white, margined with black. Length, 6.25; wing, about 3. Female paler. In winter washed with brownish. Young streaked above and below.
Hab. Eastern United States to the Missouri, and as far west as Black Hills. Stragglers at Fort Whipple, Arizona, and mountains of Colorado.
Junco oregonus.