(28) If the charge is false, the author of it is either ignorant or
malicious. But the charge is true. Therefore he is neither.

(29) All the angles of a triangle are equal to two right angles.
The angle at the vertex is an angle of a triangle.
.'. It is equal to two right angles.

(30) Si gravis sit dolor, brevis est; si longus, levis. Ergo fortiter ferendus.

(31) You are not what I am.
I am a man.
.'. You are not a man.

(32) The extension of the franchise is necessary, for it is
imperative that the right of voting should be granted to classes who
have hitherto not possessed this privilege.

(33) If Hannibal is really victorious, he does not need supplies; while, if he is deluding us, we ought certainly not to encourage him by sending them. Livy, xxiii. 13. § 5.

(34) Laws must punish, and punishment hurts. All laws therefore are hurtful.

(35) The sun is an insensible thing. The Persians worship the sun. .'. The Persians worship an insensible thing.

(36) Some ores are not metals; for they are not fluids, and some metals are not fluids.

(37) All the Grecian soldiers put the Persians to flight.
.'. Every Grecian soldier could rout the Persians.