The Rare Earths: Their Occurrence, Chemistry, and Technology

by Stanley Isaac Levy

Completely amorphous.

G = 4·114. H = 4¹⁄₂. Deep red; translucent.

Islands of Läven and Arö, Langesund Fiord, Norway.

Cappelenite.

A borosilicate of rare earth metals and barium, with traces of Th, Ca, K, Na, aq. Approximately BaSiO₃, YBO₃. Cer = 4·2; Yttr = 52·5%.

Hexagonal; habit prismatic.

G = 4·407. H = 6-6¹⁄₂. Greenish brown; translucent.

Island of Klein-Arö, Langesund Fiord, Norway.

Caryocerite (Karyocerite).

Complex fluosilicate of E, with Ta, Th, Ca; also CO₂, P₂O₅, B, Al, Fe, Mn, U, Mg, Na, aq., etc. Approaching [Melanocerite], (q.v.), but richer in Th. Very complex. Cer = 41·8; Yttr = 2·2; ThO₂ = 13·6; ZrO₂ = 0·5%.