S. L.-P.
RICHMOND, SURREY,
July, 1886.
| CONTENTS. | ||
|---|---|---|
| ———— | ||
| PAGE | ||
| [I.] | ||
| The Last of the Goths | [1] | |
| The seclusion of Ancient Arabia, [1]—Change caused by theProphet Mohammed, [2]—The Saracen conquests, [3]—Ceutaattacked, [4]—Condition of Spain, [4]— Effects of Romanrule, [5]—The Visigoths, [6]—Demoralization of all classes, [7]—Witiza,[8]—Roderick, [8]—Story of Florinda, [11]—CountJulian's revenge, [11]—He joins the Arabs, [12]—Mūsa son ofNoseyr, [12]—First incursion into Spain under Tarīf, [13]—Tārik'sinvasion, [13]—The Enchanted Tower, [14]—Roderick'svision, [18]—Battle of the Guadalete, [20]—Fate of Don Rodrigo,21. | ||
| [II.] | ||
| The Wave of Conquest | [23] | |
| Subjugation of Spain, [23]— Capture of Cordova, Malaga,Elvira, Murcia, [24]—Theodemir's stratagem, [25]—Flight of theGoths, [26]—Mūsa crosses over to Spain, [27]—His jealousy ofTārik, and recall, [28]—Invasion of Aquitaine, and capture ofNarbonne, [28]—Battle of Tours, [29]—A boundary set tothe Moorish advance by Charles Martel, [30]—Charlemagneinvades Spain, [33]—The Pass of Roncesvalles, [34]—Death ofRoland, 36. | ||
| [III.] | ||
| The People of Andalusia | [39] | |
| The limits of the Moorish territory, [39]—Division between thenorth and the south, [40]—Andalusia, [43]—Condition of thepeople after the Conquest, [44]—Taxation, [47]—Moderation ofthe Moors, [47]—State of the slaves, [48]—The renegades, [49]—Factionsamong the victors, [50]—Arab tribal jealousies, [51]—TheBerbers or Moors proper, [52]—Their superstitious character,[53]—Berber insurrections in Africa and Spain, [54]—SyrianArabs come to the rescue, [55]—Their settlement in Andalusia,56. | ||
| [IV.] | ||
| A Young Pretender | [58] | |
| The Khalifs of Damascus, [58]—Overthrow of the Omeyyads,[59]—Adventures of Abd-er-Rahmān the Omeyyad, [60]—Helands in Spain and is received with acclamation, [62]—Foundationof the Omeyyad kingdom of Andalusia, [63]—Revoltssuppressed by Abd-er-Rahmān, [64]—His character, [66]—HishāmI., [71]—His piety and virtues, [71]—Power of thepriests, [72]—Yahya the theologian, [73]—Accession of Hakam,[74]—His genial character, [74]—Revolt of the zealots, [75]—Burningof the southern suburb of Cordova, 76. | ||
| [V.] | ||
| The Christian Martyrs | [78] | |
| Abd-er-Rahmān II., [78]—Queen Tarūb, [81]—Ziryāb the exquisite,[81]—Frivolity of the Court, [82]—Christian fanaticism,[84]—A race for martyrdom, [85]—St. Eulogius and Flora, [86]—Deathof Perfectus, [89]—More "martyrs," [90]—Indifference ofthe majority of the Christians, [90]—Moderation counselled bythe Church, [91]—Flora and Eulogius in prison, [92]—Theirmartyrdom, 93. | ||
| [VI.] | ||
| The Great Khalif | [96] | |
| Large movements of race and creed in Andalusia, [96]—Theneed of a great king, [98]—Abdallah's weakness, [98]—Generalanarchy, [101]—Ibn-Hafsūn's rebellion, [102]—Ibn-Hajjāj ofSeville, [105]—Cordova in danger, [106]—Accession of Abd-er-RahmānIII., [107]—His courageous policy, [108]—Submission ofthe rebels, [109]—Death of Ibn-Hafsūn and conquest ofBohastro, [110]—Siege of Toledo, [110]—Surrender, [113]—Pacificationof Andalusia, 113. | ||
| [VII.] | ||
| The Holy War | [114] | |
| Abd-er-Rahmān's principle of government, [114]—The Slavs,[114]—Wars with the Fātimite Khalifs of Africa, [115]—Pelayoand the Christians of the Asturias, [116]—Growth of the Christianpower, [117]—Alfonso's campaigns, [118]—The soldiery of Leon,[119]—Ordoño's forays, [119]—Battle of St. Estevan de Gormaz,[120]—Abd-er-Rahmān retaliates, [120]—Battle of the Val deJunqueras and capture of Pamplona, [121]—Abd-er-Rahmānassumes the title of Khalif, [121]—Annual campaigns againstthe Christians, [122]—Ramiro defeats him at Alhandega, [123]—Jealousiesamong the Christians, [123]—Fernando Gonzalez,[123]—Queen Theuda and Sancho the Fat invoke the Khalif'said, [125]—Their visit to Cordova, [126]—Hazdai the physician,[126]—Death of Abd-er-Rahmān III., [126]—His achievementsand character, 127. | ||
| [VIII.] | ||
| The City of the Khalif | [129] | |
| Beauty of Cordova, [129]—Gardens, [131]—Palaces, [132]—Baths,[135]—The Great Mosque, [136]—"The City of the Fairest," [139]—Receptionat Medinat-ez-Zahrā, [142]—Science and letterscultivated under the Moors, [144]—Condition of the arts inAndalusia, 147. | ||
| [IX.] | ||
| The Prime Minister | [152] | |
| Hakam ii., [152]—His library, [155]—Hishām II., [156]—Seclusionin the harīm, [156]—The Queen-mother Aurora, [156]—Harīminfluence, [157]—Rise of Ibn-Abī-Amir, surnamed Almanzor,[157]—His campaign with Ghālib against the Christians,[159]—He becomes Prime Minister, [160]—His absoluterule, [161]—Policy, [162]—Fortitude, [162]—Resource, [162]—Thenew army, [163]—Campaigns against the Christians of theNorth, [164]—Invasion of Leon, Barcelona, and Galicia, [165]—Captureof St. Santiago de Compostella, [165]—Uncheckedvictories, [166]—Death, [166]—"Buried in Hell," 166. | ||
| [X.] | ||
| The Berbers in Power | [167] | |
| Anarchy after Almanzor's death, [167]—His sons, [169]—Successionof puppet Khalifs, [170]—Misery of Hishām III., [171]—Massacresand pillaging, [173]—The Slavs and the Berbers, [175]—Sackof the City of Ez-Zabrā, [175]—Petty dynasties, [176]—Advanceof the Christians of Leon and Castile, [176]—Alfonsovi., [177]—The Cid, [177]—The Moors call in the Almoravides,[178]—Battle of Zallāka, [179]—Character of the Almoravides,[180]—They subdue Andalusia, [181]—Their tyranny anddemoralization, [183]—The expulsion of the Almoravides, 184. | ||
| [XI.] | ||
| My Cid the Challenger | [185] | |
| State of the Christian powers in the North, [185]—Fernando I.,[186]—Vassalage of the Mohammedan princes, [186]—Characterof the Christians and Moors contrasted, [189]—The chevaliersd'industrie, [191]—The Cid Rodrigo de Bivar, [191]—His title ofCampeador, [191]—His panegyrists, [192]—Dozy's "real Cid,"[192]—The Chronicle of the Cid, [193]—Heroic character, [193]—TheCid's first appearance in history, [195]—His services toCastile, [195]—His banishment, [195]—Takes service with theMoorish king of Zaragoza, [200]—Fights against the Christiansof Barcelona, [201]—At Valencia, [205]—Raid upon Leon, [206]—Siegeof Valencia, [206]—Battle with the Almoravides, [209]—Deathand burial of the Cid, 213. | ||
| [XII.] | ||
| The Kingdom of Granada | [214] | |
| Invasion of Andalusia by the Almohades, [214]—Victory atAlarcos, [217]—Defeat at Las Navas, [217]—Expulsion of theAlmohades, [217]—Advance of the Christians, [217]—Granadaalone left to the Moors, [218]—Dynasty of the Beny-Nasr ofGranada, [218]—Their tribute to Castile, [221]—The Alhambra,[221]—Ferdinand and Isabella, [232]—Abul-Hasan (Alboacen)throws off his allegiance, [232]—Capture of Zahara, [233]—Fall ofAlhama, [235]—Disasters of the Christians in the mountains ofMalaga, [236]—Defeat of the Moors at Lucena, [242]—Boabdilmade prisoner, 245. | ||
| [XIII.] | ||
| The Fall of Granada | [246] | |
| Ferdinand's policy towards Boabdil, [246]—Factions at Granada,[247]—The Abencerrages, [247]—Ez-Zaghal, [248]—Ferdinand'scampaigns, [251]—Siege of Velez and Malaga, [251]—Ez-Zegry'sdefence, [253]—The surrender, [254]—Siege of Baza, [258]—Ez-Zaghalsubmits, [259]—His fate, [259]—Granada threatened,[260]—Mūsa's reply, [260]—The siege, [263]—Exploit of Pulgar,[264]—Boabdil capitulates, [266]—Death of Mūsa, [266]—Entryof Ferdinand and Isabella into the Alhambra, [266]—"Thelast sigh of the Moor," 267. | ||
| [XIV.] | ||
| Bearing the Cross | [269] | |
| Terms of surrender of Granada, [269]—Archbishop Talavera'stoleration, [269]—Cardinal Ximenes, [269]—Revolt in the Alpuxarras,[271]—Defeat and death of Aguilar, [271]—Persecutionof the Moriscos, [272]—Second revolt in the Alpuxarras, [274]—Characterof the country, [274]—Heroism of the Christians, [276]—Theplank of Tablete, [276]—Massacre of the Moors in theAlbaycin gaol, [277]—Aben Umeyya and Aben Abó, [277]—DonJohn of Austria, [278]—Banishment of the Moors, [279]—Rejoicingsin Spain, [279]—Retribution, 280. | ||
| Index | [281] | |
| LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. | ||
|---|---|---|
| ———— | ||
| PAGE | ||
| THE ALPUXARRAS | [Frontispiece] | |
| TOLEDO | [9] | |
| GATE OF BISAGRA, TOLEDO | [15] | |
| PUERTO DEL SOL, TOLEDO | [27] | |
| ARCH IN THE ALJAFERIA OF ZARAGOZA | [31] | |
| ALCANTARA | [41] | |
| THE SIERRA NEVADA | [45] | |
| THE BRIDGE OF CORDOVA | [69] | |
| MOORISH IVORY CASKET OF THE 11TH CENTURY IN THE CATHEDRAL OF PAMPLONA | [79] | |
| THE GOLDEN TOWER, SEVILLE | [99] | |
| DOOR OF THE MAIDEN'S COURT, ALCAZAR OF SEVILLE | [103] | |
| AQUEDUCT NEAR GRANADA | [111] | |
| EXTERIOR OF THE GREAT MOSQUE AT CORDOVA | [133] | |
| GATE OF THE MOSQUE OF CORDOVA | [137] | |
| HISPANO-MORESCO VASE. (Preserved at Granada) | [145] | |
| HISPANO-MORESCO LUSTRED PLATE, WITH ARMS OFLEON, CASTILE, AND ARAGON. (In the South Kensington Museum) | [149] | |
| ANCIENT KORAN CASE. (Escurial Library) | [153] | |
| THE GIRALDA AT SEVILLE | [173] | |
| BOTICA DE LOS TEMPLARIOS, TOLEDO | [187] | |
| GATE OF SERRANO, VALENCIA | [203] | |
| TOMB OF THE CID AT SAN PEDRO DE CARDEÑA | [211] | |
| BANNER OF THE ALMOHADES | [215] | |
| SHIELD OF A KING OF GRANADA | [219] | |
| THE COURT OF THE LIONS IN THE ALHAMBRA | [223] | |
| GARDEN OF THE GENERALIFE, GRANADA | [229] | |
| A WINDOW IN THE ALHAMBRA | [243] | |
| MOSQUE LAMP FROM GRANADA | [249] | |
| MALAGA | [255] | |
| SWORD OF BOABDIL (Villaseca Collection, Madrid) | [261] | |
| [MAPS OF THE IBERIAN PENINSULA] | ||
