Table 1. Ranges in Numbers of Teeth in Each Upper and Lower Jaw of Western North Atlantic Odontocetes.

Species common nameSpecies scientific namePage of species accountRanges in tooth countsRemarks
UpperLower
Sperm whalePhyseter catodon[57]018-25Ten to sixteen upper teeth rarely emerge; lower teeth fit into sockets in upper jaw.
Northern bottlenosed whaleHyperoodon ampullatus[67]02(2)[A]At tip of lower jaw; sometimes second pair behind first.
Goosebeaked whaleZiphius cavirostris[70]02[A]At tip of lower jaw.[B]
True's beaked whaleMesoplodon mirus[77]02[A]At tip of lower jaw.[B]
Antillean beaked whaleMesoplodon europaeus[78]02[A]At suture of mandible. One-third of way from tip of snout to gape.[B]
Dense-beaked whaleMesoplodon densirostris[80]02[A]On prominences near corner of mouth; oriented backwards.[B]
North Sea beaked whaleMesoplodon bidens[82]02[A]About halfway from tip of snout to gape.[B]
Killer whaleOrcinus orca[84]10-1210-12Prominent; curved and oriented backwards and inwards; pointed.
False killer whalePseudorca crassidens[88]8-118-11Prominent; pointed and curved.
Atlantic pilot whaleGlobicephala melaena[91]8-108-10— —
Short-finned pilot whaleGlobicephala macrorhyncha[94]7-97-9— —
GrampusGrampus griseus[96]00-7Near front of jaw; may have fallen out in older specimens; sometimes teeth in upper jaw.
BelugaDelphinapterus leucas[99]8-118-9— —
NarwhalMonodon monoceros[102]20[A]One (rarely both) grows up to 9 ft (2.5 m) tusk which has left-hand (sinestral) spiral.
Spotted dolphinStenella plagiodon[104]30-3628-35— —
Bridled dolphinStenella frontalis[108]29-3433-36— —
Spinner dolphinStenella longirostris[110]46-6546-65— —
Striped dolphinStenella coeruleoalba[113]43-5043-50— —
Saddleback dolphinDelphinus delphis[116]40-5040-50— —
Fraser's dolphinLagenodelphis hosei[120]38-4438-44— —
Atlantic white-sided dolphinLagenorhynchus acutus[123]30-4030-40Some specimens have more teeth in upper than in lower jaw.
White-beaked dolphinLagenorhynchus albirostris[126]22-2822-28— —
Atlantic bottlenosed dolphinTursiops truncatus[128]20-2618-24— —
Guiana dolphinSotalia guianensis[132]26-3526-35— —
Rough-toothed dolphinSteno bredanensis[135]20-2720-27Crown is sometimes marked with many fine vertical wrinkles.
Pygmy killer whaleFeresa attenuata[138]8-1310-13Many specimens have fewer teeth on right than on left side.
Many-toothed blackfishPeponocephala electra[142]22-2521-24— —
Pygmy sperm whaleKogia breviceps[144]012-16Rarely 10 or 11; curved back and inwards; fit into sockets in upper jaw.
Dwarf sperm whaleKogia simus[148]0-38-11Rarely 13; curved back and in; sharply pointed; fit into sockets in upper jaw. Rarely has 1-3 upper teeth as well.
Harbor porpoisePhocoena phocoena[150]22-2822-28Spade shaped, laterally compressed, and relatively small.

[A] Usually erupted from gums only in adult [MALES].

[B] May have toothpick size vestigial teeth in either jaw.


Table 2. Body Size; Numbers, Maximum Dimensions and Descriptions of Baleen Plates; and Numbers and Relative Lengths of Ventral Grooves of W. N. Atlantic Mysticetes.

Species common nameSpecies scientific namePage of species accountMaximum body size[C]
ft(m)
Number of baleen plates/sideMaximum dimensions of platesColor of baleenMean No. of bristles /cm.Numbers of ventral groovesRelative lengths of ventral grooves
LengthWidth base
ft/in.cmft/in.cm
Blue whale Balaenoptera musculus[19] 85 (26.0) 270-395 33" 84 12" 30 All black with black bristles. 10-30 55-88 At least to navel.
Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus[26] 79 (24.0) 262-473 29" 72 12" 30 Dark gray to bluish gray; one-fifth to one-third of right front is whitish. 10-35 56-100 At least to navel.
Sei whale Balaenoptera borealis[32] 62 (19.0) 318-340 31" 78 15" 39 Ash black with blue tinge and fine, light bristles; some near front may be light. 35-60 38-56 End far short of navel.
Bryde's whale Balaenoptera edeni[37] 46 (14.0) 250-300? 17" 42 10" 24 Slate gray with dark bristles. 15-35 40-50 At least to navel.
Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae[40] 53 (16.0) 270-400 24" 60 5" 13 Ash black to olive brown; sometimes whitish; bristles grayish white. 10-35 14-22 At least to navel.
Bowhead whale Balaena mysticetus[49] 65 (19.8) 325-360 14' 414 14" 36 Black; anterior side of some is whitish; bristles black. ? None present. XX
Right whale Eubalaena glacialis[52] 53 (16.0) 250-390 7.3' 223 12" 30 Dirty or yellowish gray; some anterior plates all or part white. 35-70 None present. XX
Minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata[63] 31 (10.0) 300-325 8" 21 4" 10 White to yellowish white. Posterior plates may be brown or black. 15-25 50-70 End short of navel; often just behind flippers.

[C] As stated in the Index to the species, these figures represent maximum sizes recorded for the W. N. Atlantic. For all species exploited by whaling industries' current maximum sizes will be substantially smaller than these figures (see species accounts).