But the people appoint commanders and consuls to their own provinces, which are also subject to divers divisions when expediency requires it.
(Augustus Cæsar) in his first organization of (the Empire) created two consular governments, namely, (1.) the whole of Africa in possession of the Romans, excepting that part which was under the authority, first of Juba, but now of his son Ptolemy; and (2.) Asia within the Halys and Taurus, except the Galatians and the nations under Amyntas, Bithynia, and the Propontis. He appointed also ten consular governments in Europe and in the adjacent islands. Iberia Ulterior (Further Spain) about the river Bætis[1026] and Celtica Narbonensis[1027] (composed the two first). The third was Sardinia, with Corsica; the fourth Sicily; the fifth and sixth Illyria, districts near Epirus, and Macedonia; the seventh Achaia, extending to Thessaly, the Ætolians, Acarnanians, and the Epirotic nations who border upon Macedonia; the eighth Crete, with Cyrenæa; the ninth Cyprus; the tenth Bithynia, with the Propontis and some parts of Pontus.
Cæsar possesses other provinces, to the government of which he appoints men of consular rank, commanders of armies, or knights;[1028] and in his (peculiar) portion (of the empire) there are and ever have been kings, princes, and (municipal) magistrates.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] Book xii. c. iii. 39. Vol. ii. page [311], [312].
[2] Book xiii. c. iv. § 8. Vol. ii. page [405].
[3] Book x. c. iv. § 10, and book xii. c. iii. § 33. Vol. ii. pp. [197], [307], of this Translation.