The standard measuring cup contains one-half pint and is divided into fourths and thirds.
To measure a cupful or spoonful of dry ingredients, fill the cup or spoon and then level off with the back of a case-knife.
In measures of weight the gram is the unit.
A “heaping cupful” is a level cup with two tablespoonsful added.
A “scant cupful” is a level cup with two tablespoonsful taken out.
A “salt spoon” is one-fourth of a level teaspoon.
To measure butter, lard and other solid foods, pack solidly in spoon or cup and measure level with a knife.
| TABLE OF MEASURES AND WEIGHTS[13] | ||
| 4 | saltspoons | = 1 teaspoon, tsp. |
| 3 | teaspoons | = 1 tablespoon, tbsp. |
| 4 | tablespoons | = ¼ cup or ½ gill. |
| 16 | tablespoons (dry ingredients) | = 1 cup, c. |
| 12 | tablespoons (liquid) | = 1 cup. |
| 2 | gills | = 1 cup. |
| 2 | cups | = 1 pint. |
| 2 | pints | = 1 quart. |
| 4 | quarts | = 1 gallon. |
| 2 | tablespoons butter | = 1 ounce. |
| 1 | tablespoon melted butter | = 1 ounce. |
| 4 | tablespoons flour | = 1 ounce. |
| 2 | tablespoons granulated sugar | = 1 ounce. |
| 2 | tablespoons liquid | = 1 ounce. |
| 2 | tablespoons powdered lime | = 1 ounce. |
| 1 | cup of stale bread crumbs | = 2 ounces. |
| 1 | square Baker’s unsweetened chocolate | = 1 ounce. |
| Juice of one lemon = (about) 3 tablespoons | ||
| 5 | tablespoons liquid | = 1 wineglassful. |
| 4 | cups of sifted flour | = 1 pound |
| 2 | cups of butter (packed solid) | = 1 pound |
| 2 | cups of finely chopped meat (packed solidly) | = 1 pound |
| 2 | cups of granulated sugar | = 1 pound |
| 2⅔ | cups of powdered sugar | = 1 pound |
| 2⅔ | cups brown sugar | = 1 pound |
| 2⅔ | cups oatmeal | = 1 pound |
| 4¾ | cups rolled oats | = 1 pound |
| 9 | to 10 eggs | = 1 pound |
| 1 | cup of rice | = ½ pound. |
| APOTHECARIES WEIGHTS[13] | ||
| 20 | grains | = 1 scruple, ℈ |
| 3 | scruples | = 1 drachm, ʒ |
| 8 | drachms (or 480 grains) | = 1 ounce, ℥ |
| 12 | ounces | = 1 pound, lb. |
| APOTHECARIES MEASURES[13] | ||
| 60 | minims (M) | = 1 fluid drachm, f ʒ |
| 8 | fluid drachms | = 1 fluid ounce, f ℥ |
| 16 | fluid ounces | = 1 pint, O or pt. |
| 2 | pints | = 1 quart, qt. |
| 4 | quarts | = 1 gallon, gal. |
| APPROXIMATE MEASURES[13] | ||
| One teaspoonful | equals about 1 fluid drachm. | |
| One dessertspoonful | equals about 2 fluid drachms. | |
| One tablespoonful | equals about 4 fluid drachms. | |
| One wineglassful | equals about 2 ounces. | |
| One cup (one-half pint) | equals about 8 ounces. | |
| METRIC MEASURES OF WEIGHT[13] | ||
| In measures of weight the gram is the unit. | ||
| 1 | gram | 1.0 gm. |
| 1 | decigram | 0.1 gm. |
| 1 | centigram | 0.01 gm. |
| 1 | milligram | 0.001 gm. |
FOOTNOTES:
[13] Practical Diatetics, Alida Frances Pattee, Publisher, Mt. Vernon, N. Y.