A “heaping cupful” is a level cup with two tablespoonfuls added.
A “scant cupful” is a level cup with two tablespoonfuls taken out.
A “saltspoon” is one-fourth of a level teaspoon.
To measure butter, lard, and other solid foods, pack solidly in spoon or cup and level with a knife.
| TABLE OF MEASURES AND WEIGHTS[21] | |
| 4 saltspoons | = 1 teaspoon, tsp. |
| 3 teaspoons | = 1 tablespoon, tbsp. |
| 4 tablespoons | = 1/4 cup or 1/2 gill. |
| 16 tablespoons (dry ingredients) | = 1 cup, c. |
| 12 tablespoons (liquid) | = 1 cup. |
| 2 gills | = 1 cup. |
| 2 cups | = 1 pint. |
| 2 pints | = 1 quart. |
| 4 quarts | = 1 gallon. |
| 2 tablespoons butter | = 1 ounce. |
| 1 tablespoon melted butter | = 1 ounce. |
| 4 tablespoons flour | = 1 ounce. |
| 2 tablespoons granulated sugar | = 1 ounce. |
| 2 tablespoons liquid | = 1 ounce. |
| 2 tablespoons powdered lime | = 1 ounce. |
| 1 cup of stale bread crumbs | = 2 ounces. |
| 1 square Baker’s unsweetened chocolate | = 1 ounce. |
| Juice of one lemon | = (about) 3 tablespoons. |
| 5 tablespoons liquid | = 1 wineglassful. |
| 4 cups of sifted flour | = 1 pound. |
| 2 cups of butter (packed solidly) | = 1 pound. |
| 2 cups of finely chopped meat (packed solidly) | = 1 pound. |
| 2 cups of granulated sugar | = 1 pound. |
| 22/5 cups of powdered sugar | = 1 pound. |
| 22/3 cups brown sugar | = 1 pound. |
| 22/3 cups oatmeal | = 1 pound. |
| 43/4 cups rolled oats | = 1 pound. |
| 9 or 10 eggs | = 1 pound. |
| 1 cup of rice | = 1/2 pound. |
| APOTHECARIES’ WEIGHTS[22] | |
| 20 grains | = 1 scruple, ℈ |
| 3 scruples | = 1 drachm, ʒ |
| 8 drachms (or 480 grains) | = 1 ounce, ℥ |
| 12 ounces | = 1 pound, lb. |
| APOTHECARIES’ MEASURES[22] | |
| 60 minims (M) | = 1 fluid drachm, fʒ |
| 8 fluid drachms | = 1 fluid ounce, f℥ |
| 16 fluid ounces | = 1 pint, o or pt. |
| 2 pints | = 1 quart, qt. |
| 4 quarts | = 1 gallon, gal. |
| APPROXIMATE MEASURES[23] | |
| One teaspoonful | equals about 1 fluid drachm. |
| One dessertspoonful | equals about 2 fluid drachms. |
| One tablespoonful | equals about 4 fluid drachms. |
| One wineglassful | equals about 2 ounces. |
| One cup (one-half pint) | equals about 8 ounces. |
| METRIC MEASURES OF WEIGHT[23] | |
| In measures of weight the gram is the unit. | |
| 1 gram | 1.0 gm. |
| 1 decigram | 0.1 gm. |
| 1 centigram | 0.01 gm. |
| 1 milligram | 0.001 gm. |
FOOTNOTES:
[21] Practical Dietetics, Alida Frances Pattee.
[22] Practical Dietetics, Alida Frances Pattee.
[23] Practical Dietetics, Alida Frances Pattee.