Thus it is very plainly to be seen that whey is poor stuff to feed, even in its best estate. It has some value to mix with other foods, if used sweet; but when the sugar has all turned to acid, and the phosphates have become lactates, leaving the phosphoric acid free, the whey is abominable, and can be used only in small quantities and with great care. It ought not to be fed to young animals with tender stomachs, and does older animals no good.

CRUELTY TO ANIMALS.

All this corresponds with general observation and experience. The most intelligent dairymen with whom we are acquainted do not consider sour whey worth drawing home. It is cruel to feed sweet whey to any animal exclusively. Even a hog, which has made its growth—and no animal can more fully extract the nutrihealth while actually growing fat on sweet whey. The portion of less than one per cent. of albuminous matter prolongs, rather than sustains life. That is to say, the hog will not starve to death quite so quick if fed whey as it will without it. The sugar accumulates in the system as fat, while the hog is slowly perishing of inanition. But if it is thus cruel to feed it alone to full grown animals, it is doubly so to feed it to young and growing animals—as pigs and calves—the necessities of the lives of which demand tissue-making material as well as life-sustaining. If whey is used, let it be fed sweet, and always with some kind of dry nitrogenous food, as bean meal, oil meal, pea meal, clover, etc. But, with the acid system of cheese-making, it is impossible to do this. The whey is decomposed before run into the whey-vat.

[CONTENTS.]

[PREFACE][3-4]
[HISTORICAL—In Asia; Among the Jews; In Southern Europe; In America; Figures from the Census; Growth in Thirty Years; Product per Cow and per Capita; Home Consumption vs. Exports; Forms of Milk Consumption; The Private Dairy vs. the Factory][5-12]
[CONDITIONS—Pastures; Water; Winter Food; The Stable; Shelter; The Dairy House; Cleanliness; The Herd.][13-17]
[DAIRY STOCK—Points of a Milker; Dutch-Friesian; The Jersey; The Guernsey; The Ayrshire; The Shorthorn; The Devon; The American Holderness; Inbreeding; Swiss; Polled; Hereford; Common Stock][18-34]
[BREEDING DAIRY STOCK—Selection; Coupling; Care][35-39]
[FEEDING STOCK—Carbonaceous and Nitrogenous Foods; What is Carbon? What is Nitrogen? Compounding Rations; Per day and per 1,000 lbs. Live Weight; Sample Rations; Fattening Rations; Working Rations; Digestibility of Foods; Elements of Foods; Ensilage; Remarks][40-52]
[HANDLING MILK—Keep Quiet; Regularity; Keep Down the Foul Odors; Keep Out the Dirt; Let Out the Cows; A Lick of Meal; Care of Milk; Composition of Milk; Deterioration of Milk in the Udder; Do Fats Expand Before Congealing? Effects of Falling Temperature; Cooling and Airing; Protection from the Hot Sun; Treatment of Night's and Morning's Milk; Receiving; Testing; Bad Milk; Weighing; Keeping Milk][53-66]
[BUTTER MAKING—Deep Setting and Water Cooling; Effect of Too Low Cooling; Buttermilk Flavor; Shallow Setting and Air Cooling; Oxydizing Cream; Skimming Milk; When to Skim; Churning; Temperatures; What Makes the Butter Come; When to Stop Churning; Working; Salting; Salt as a Preservative; Packing Butter; Preparing the Package; Closing the Package; Storing; Style of Package][67-80]
[CHEESE MAKING—Duty of Patrons; Unreasonable Expectation; Guarantees; Heating; Coloring; Setting; Other Details; Keep the Temperature Even; Cutting; Cut Fine; "Cooking;" Drawing the Whey; Salting; Putting to Press][81-91]
[ACID IN CHEESE MAKING—Analysis of Milk; What the Cheese Maker Does; What Ought to Be; Theory and Practice][92-95]
[RENNET—Soaking in Whey; Tainted Rennet; Curing Rennets; Age an Advantage; Saving Rennets; Selecting Rennets; Wholesale Preparation; Excluding Air][96-101]
[CURING ROOMS—Temperature; An Example; Moisture in Curing; Better Cheese Can Be Made][102-106]
[WHEY—Composition of Milk; Composition of Whey; Poor Stuff; Cruelty to Animals][107-110]

[TABLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS.]

[Farmer and Dairyman Advertisement]
[Thomas Higgin, Esq]
[Jerseys]
[Titlepage]
[Dutch-Friesian Bull]
[Dutch-Friesian Cow]
[Guernsey Bull]
[Guernsey Cow]
[American Holderness Bull]
[American Holderness Cow]
[Freisian Cattle Advertisement]
[Cheese and Butter Makers' Supplies Advertisement]
[F.B. Fargo and Co Advertisement]
[Onandaga F.F. Salt]
[The Crowell Creamer Advertisement]
[Cornish, Curtis and Greene Advertisement]
[Jenk's Automatic Cheese Maker Advertisement]

Apparatus & Supplies