CHAPTER XVIII.

THE HUNDRED YEARS' WAR FROM THE TREATY OF CALAIS TO THE TRUCE OF BRUGES.
Difficulties in carrying out the treaty of Calais.[399]
Guerilla warfare: exploits of Calveley, Pipe, and Jowel.[400]
16 May, 1364.Battle of Cocherel.[401]
29 Sept.Battle of Auray.[401]
1365.Treaty of Guérande.[402]
Exploits of the free companies: John Hawkwood.[402]
1361.The charters of renunciation not exchanged.[402]
1364.Death of King John: accession of Charles V..[403]
1366.Expulsion of Peter the Cruel from Castile by Du Guesclin and the free companies.[404]
Feb., 1367.The Black Prince's expedition to Spain.[404]
3 April.Battle of Nájera.[405]
The Black Prince's rule in Aquitaine.[406]
His difficulties with the great nobles.[407]
Jan., 1368.The hearth tax imposed.[408]
Jan., 1369.Renewal of the war.[408]
Changed military and political conditions.[409]
Relations of England and Flanders.[409]
1371.Battle in Bourgneuf Bay.[410]
Successes of the French.[411]
Sept., 1370.Sack of the cité of Limoges.[412]
1371.The Black Prince's return to England with shattered health.[413]
1370.Futile expeditions of Lancaster and Knowles.[413]
Treason of Sir John Minsterworth.[413]
Battle of Pontvallain.[414]
1370-72.Exploits of Sir Owen of Wales.[414]
23 June, 1370.Defeat of Pembroke at La Rochelle.[415]
Aug.Defeat of Thomas Percy at Soubise.[415]
1372.Edward III.'s last military expedition.[416]
Expulsion of the English from Poitou and Brittany.[416]
July-Dec., 1373.John of Gaunt's march from Calais to Bordeaux.[417]
1374.Ruin of the English power in France.[417]
27 June, 1375.Truce of Bruges.[418]

CHAPTER XIX.

ENGLAND DURING THE LATTER YEARS OF EDWARD III.
Glories of the years succeeding the treaty of Calais.[419]
1361-69.John Froissart in England.[419]
His picture of the life of court and people.[420]
The national spirit in English literature.[420]
Gower and Minot.[420]
Geoffrey Chaucer.[421]
The standard English language.[421]
Lowland Scottish.[422]
The national spirit in art.[422]
"Flowing decorated" and "perpendicular" architecture.[422]
Contrast between England and Scotland.[423]
The national spirit in popular English literature.[423]
William Langland.[423]
His picture of the condition of the poor.[424]
The national spirit and the universities.[424]
Early career of John Wycliffe.[425]
Spread of cultivation among the laity.[426]
The national spirit in English law.[426]
The national spirit in commerce.[426]
Edward III.'s family settlement.[427]
Marriage of the Black Prince and Joan of Kent.[428]
Marriages of Lionel of Antwerp with Elizabeth de Burgh and Violante Visconti.[429]
Lionel in Ireland.[429]
Statute of Kilkenny.[429]
1361-69.Philippa of Clarence's marriage with the Earl of March.[430]
John of Gaunt and the Duchy of Lancaster.[430]
Continuation of ancient rivalries between houses now represented by branches of the royal family.[431]
The great prelates of the end of Edward III.'s reign.[431]
Feb., 1371.Parliament: clerical ministers superseded by laymen.[432]
Clerical and anti-clerical, constitutional and court parties.[433]
Edward III.'s dotage.[434]
Alice Perrers.[434]
Struggle of parties at court.[434]
Increasing bitterness of the opposition to the courtiers.[434]
April-July, 1376.The "Good Parliament".[435]
Fall of the courtiers.[436]
8 June.Death of the Black Prince.[437]
John of Gaunt restored to power.[438]
Jan., 1377.Packed parliament, and the reaction against the Good Parliament.[438]
Persistence of the clerical opposition.[439]
The attack on John Wycliffe.[439]
10 Feb.Wycliffe before Bishop Courtenay.[439]
John of Gaunt's substantial triumph.[440]
21 June.Death of Edward III.[441]
Characteristics of his age.[441]

APPENDIX.

ON AUTHORITIES.
(1216-1377.)
Comparative value of records and chronicles.[443]
Record sources for the period.[443]
Chancery Records:—[400]