INDEX

A
Addresses of Prince Consort on Exhibition of 1851, [322].
Agnew, Mr (now Sir William), sketch of, [51];
gives £10,100 for Gainsborough’s Duchess of Devonshire, [52].
Alfred Club, the ‘Dandies’ Club, [5];
named after Count Alfred D’Orsay, [5].
Almack’s, subscription balls at, at end of 18th century, [196];
modern suburban subscription balls, imitations of, [197].
American elements in modern London Society, [435];
countesses and duchesses, [435];
embassies and ministers—Washington Irving and Motley, [435];
Russell Lowell and Bayard, [436];
ladies, their education in Paris, [436];
restlessness a characteristic feature of, [436].
Anæsthetics, discovery of, [395];
Simpson’s use of, at Edinburgh, [395];
Morton and Robinson’s work in connection with, at New York, [395].
Appetite for higher teaching, universality of, [161].
Aristocracy of birth and wealth, Sir R. Peel’s attitude towards, [13].
Arkwright, inventor of spinning jenny, founder of two county families, [37].
Army, traditional jealousy of, by House of Commons, [297];
a bequest from the Puritans, [297];
strength of, reduced by two-thirds immediately after Waterloo, [297];
personnel of, during Napoleonic Wars, [298];
social position of private soldier in, [299];
treatment of soldiers in, by Duke of Wellington, [299];
by Lords Wolseley and Roberts, [299];
flogging in, not abolished until 1860, [301];
as a profession, now self-supporting, [305];
except in guards and cavalry, [305];
retrenchment of pay in, impolitic, [306];
education of officers in, in 1837, [307];
in 1897, [307];
promotions from ranks of, [310];
average annual number of, [310];
remarks on, [310].
Art, improvement in, since Exhibition of 1851, [349];
promoted by rise of wealthy and cultivated classes, [350];
in the days of Sir Martin Archer Shee, [351];
of Sir Charles Eastlake, [352];
of Leighton and Millais, [360].
Artists, old social prejudice against, [351];
same as against doctors, singers and players, [351];
alleged reason for, [352];
foreign education of, in painters’ studios, [353];
English training at Royal Academy, Slade or other schools, [353].
Athenæum Club, doors of, opened to Macready and the Keans, [211].
Austin, Charles, his two fortunes made out of railway bills, [35].
Aveland, Lord, descended from a Lord Mayor of London, [15].
B
Bacon, Francis, Lord, fillip given to scientific study by, [324].
Barnes, editor of the Times, ‘The most powerful man in the country,’ [380].
Bath, Marquis of, descended from a Lord Mayor of London, [14].
Beaconsfield, Earl of, see [Disraeli].
Bedchamber Plot, account of, [263].
Bell, Andrew, founder of Bell’s scholarships at Cambridge, [133];
first promoter of a scheme for national education, [133].
Board Schools, growth of, [147];
for elementary instruction, [147];
playgrounds and gymnasia at, [147];
for higher grade teaching, [147];
laboratories and workrooms at, [147];
improvements in private schools produced by, [148].
Boleyn, Anne, Queen of Henry VIII., descended from Sir Godfrey Boleyn, a Lord Mayor of London, [14].
Brassey, Thomas, railway contractor, sketch of, [35];
millionaire, before he built his last railway, [35].
Braybrooke, Lord, descended from Sir Thomas Gresham, Lord Mayor of London, [14].
British Association, steady success of, [326];
idea of, not of British origin, [326];
smallness of early meetings of, at Leipsic and Berlin, [326];
associated with names of Prince Consort and Lord Salisbury, [327];
appeal of Brewster, Herschel and Humphry Davy to Government on behalf of, [327];
objects of, described at meeting at York, [328];
meetings of, at Oxford 1831, Cambridge 1832, Edinburgh 1833, [329];
over 500,000 members of, at the present time, [329].
British and Foreign Bible Society, see [Missionary Societies].

Brougham, Lord, his work in relation to popularizing science, [325].
Buckingham, Duke of, descended from Sir Thomas Gresham, Lord Mayor, [14].
Buildings, Municipal, great improvement in architecture of, [43];
and in that of warehouses and shops in towns, [43];
and in private houses of suburban London, [43].
C
Cabinet system, discovered by Sunderland, son-in-law of Marlborough, [262];
definite triumph of, in 1828, [263].
Carpenter, Doctor, exploration of the nervous system by, [395].
Chadwick, Edwin, his work as a sanitary reformer, [389].
Chartism, formerly an active force, now a name, [252];
most of the demands of, now matured into law, [252];
Duke of Wellington’s defence of London against, [294].
Chess, progress of study of, [417];
Prince Leopold as a player of, [417];
comparison of, with whist and billiards, [417];
stimulus given to game of, by ‘Phillidor,’ [417];
and by Staunton, Paul Morphy and Blackburne, [418];
invention of gambits at, [418];
the Scotch gambit, [418];
Evans’s gambit, [418];
the Vienna or Queen’s Knights gambit, [418];
publication of problems on, by Illustrated London News, [419];
imitated by other papers, [419].
Church of England, status of, in 1897, [401];
national regard for, [401];
parochial system of, [401];
benefactions to, during present era, [402];
reduced incomes of livings belonging to, [402];
notwithstanding work of Ecclesiastical Commission, [402];
and of Queen Anne’s bounty, [402];
readjustment of incomes of livings needed, [402];
dioceses of, abroad, [403];
clergy of, abroad, [403];
christianity of, a reconciler of rival creeds, [403];
tributes to world-wide efficacy of doctrines of, [404].
Clubs, beneficial effect of, for adults, in west end of London, [117];
established in east end by university settlements, [117];
as co-operative homes for poor gentlemen, [410];
increase of social, [410];
decrease of gambling clubs, [410];
working men’s, combined with gymnasia, [119];
popularity of, with wives of working men, [120];
mostly federated with Working Men’s Club and Institute Union, [123];
democratic sentiments of east end, [129].
Cole, Sir Henry, his work at South Kensington, [322].
Colonial emigration, in 1837 and 1897, compared, [432].
Colonial Empire, area of, compared with area of England, [427];
compared with Persian and Roman Empires, [428];
and with Russia, Germany, France and America, [428];
progress of, as indicated by increase of populations, [428];
by advance in education, [429];
by institution of Colonial Parliaments, [429].
Colonial offices, in Downing Street, completed in 1876, [432].
Colonial party in House of Commons, [434].
Colonial peerages, [434].
Colonial secretary, Sir George Grey, first, in 1854, [431];
office of, previously held in conjunction with some other office, [431].
Colonial secretaries, eminent, Duke of Newcastle in 1859, [431];
Lord Cardwell, [431].
Colonies, social development of, in the past, [438];
anticipations of, in the future, [438].
Colonists, London clubs devoted to, and their friends, [434];
Radicalism of, [432];
as displayed in Legislatures of New Zealand, New South Wales and Victoria, [432].
Commercial middle class, growth of, [259];
beginnings of, in the days of the Edwards, [259];
culminated with Cobden, [259];
not five Conservative members connected with, in 1835, [260].
Commons, House of, composition of, in 1707, [252];
number of members of, in 1707, compared with 1879, [254];
altered manners of members of, [254];
‘cockcrowings’ in debates of, on Church Rates, [254];
‘disorder’ in, during debates on Mr Gladstone’s second Irish Bill, [254].
Constituencies, right of appeal to, [263];
permission to appeal to, given to Sir R. Peel in 1841, [263];
alternative of immediate or postponed appeal to, placed before the Queen in 1868 by Disraeli, [264].
Contrast between condition of working classes now and twenty years ago, [153].
Convocation, revival of, in 1854, [400];
declares Essays and Reviews heretical, [400];
reflects, as a clerical parliament, views of church, [400];
work of, illustrated, [400];
possible use of, in event of disestablishment, [401].
Corporation Act, introduced by Lord John Russell in 1835, [93];
two millions of Englishmen affected by, [93];
abuses prior to passing of, [94];
London not included in operation of, [95];
reasons for excluding London from operation of, [103].
Corrupt Practices at Elections Bill, 1883, [260].
Country squire, disappearance of, in country and in Parliament, [259].
County Councils, election of councillors to, [99];
co-optation of aldermen from among councillors of, [99];
term of office in, [100];
presidents of, county magistrates, [100];
elections to, by ballot, [100];
expenses of elections to, defrayed out of county rate, [100];
jurisdiction of, how far co-ordinate with that of Quarter Sessions, [100];
does not extend to public house licensing, [100];
mixed committees of old and new magistracy, [100];
checks and limitations on borrowing powers of, [101];
controlled in different parts of England by different classes, [102];
judicial functions of magistrates unaffected by, [105];
peers as chairmen of, [112];
representatives of, on governing bodies of secondary schools, [140].
County Councils Act, 1888, principle of, same as that of Corporation Act, 1835, [92];
number of administrative counties under, [99];
electoral divisions of counties under, [99];
electors, [99];
municipalities inside County Council area, dealt with by, [99].
Court, The, the federal head of Society. [408];
central idea of Prince Consort’s policy, [408];
illustrations of the working of the idea, [409].
Cox, David, his pictures, [355];
prices received by him for, in his lifetime, [355];
prices paid for pictures by, now, [356].
Cranborne, Viscount, title from Sir Christopher Gascoigne, Lord Mayor of London, [15].
Cricket, growth of, during Victorian era, [414];
increased power of the bat, [415];
pre-eminent position of W. G. Grace as a batsman, [415];
and of Richardson as a bowler, [415].
Crime, statistics of, [366];
close connection between ignorance and crime, [367].
Crystal Palace, magnificence of orchestra at, [348];
maintained continuously since 1854, [348];
concerts, influence and æsthetic value of, [349].
D
‘Daily Telegraph’ started in 1856 by Colonel Sleigh, [382].
Dandies, the toilettes of, [4].
Darby, J. L., founder of sect of Plymouth Brethren, [404];
split among followers of, [404].
Darwin, Charles, publication by, of Origin of Species, [326];
epoch in science created by, [326];
doctrine of survival of the fittest enunciated by, [330];
anticipated in point of time by Dr Maillet, [330];
and foreshadowed by Erasmus Darwin and others, [331];
relations of Herbert Spencer and, [331];
apparent reaction against theories of, setting in, [331].
Death-rate, steady reduction in death-rate, due to progress of physical and surgical science, [394];
from 23 per million in 1855, [394];
to 21 per million in 1875, [394];
and 18 per million in 1895, [394].
De Lane, John T., editor of the Times, sketch of, [5];
his influence and power, [10];
his personality kept in background, [11];
Disraeli’s remark, ‘I had better postpone giving my views of De Lane till he is dead,’ [380].
Democracy, instinctive, of great English schools, [174];
modern, confirmed by Lodger Franchise in boroughs by Act of 1867, [260];
completed by extension to counties in 1884, [260].
Denbigh, Earl of, descended from a Lord Mayor of London, [14].
Devonshire, the Duke of, and Sunday crowds in Hyde Park, [155].
Dilke, C. W., proprietor of Athenæum newspaper, [382];
called in to edit Daily News in 1849, [382];
reduces price of paper, [382].
Dilke Commission, presided over by Prince of Wales, [389];
power to destroy unhealthy dwellings, result of, [389];
a consequence of the enlarged idea of royal service, [390].
Disraeli, Benjamin, Earl of Beaconsfield, sketch of, [67];
the Young England school of 1846, [68];
services rendered by the Young England movement, [69];
influence of the Coningsby, of, on opening of parks, [70];
sends Lord Rowton to visit and report on Clerkenwell outrage, [73];
impressions made on Lord Rowton by visit, [74].
District Councils, establishment of, [83];
seats on, objects of ambition among a certain class, [84];
jurisdiction of, commensurate with that of rural sanitary authority, [85];
special business of, [85];
members of, guardians of the poor, [85];
female members of, [85];
chairmen of, become county magistrates, [86];
assessment, part of duty of, [87].
Dixie, Sir Wolston, Lord Mayor of London, ancestor of the peerages of Compton and Northampton, [14].
Donaldson Museum of Musical Instruments at South Kensington, [341].
Duelling, practice of, discussed, [290];
still in vogue in time of Sir Robert Peel, [291];
abolition of, attempted by Prince Consort, [292];
courts of honour suggested as substitutes for, [292];
amendment of articles of war, April 1844, the first real blow to, [293].
Duels, celebrated, between Canning and Castlereagh, 1809, [292];
Wellington and Winchilsea, 1829, [292];
Monro and Fawcett, 1843, [292].
E
East End, homes founded in the, by Oxford and Cambridge, [75];
St Margaret’s House in the, [75];
population of, tact required in dealing with, [130];
resentment of patronage by, [130].
Eastlake, Sir Charles, President of Royal Academy, [350];
proposes health of Prince Consort at Royal Academy dinner, [350];
reply of Prince Consort, [351].
Education, Act 1870, W. E. Foster’s, [136];
School Boards established by, [136];
compulsory only when voluntary efforts failed, [136];
Act 1880, Mundella’s, [136];
made compulsory under, [136];
made free by Act of 1891, [137].
Education Department, first organisation of, in 1839, [135];
first vice-president of, appointed in 1856, [135];
not concerned with Secondary Education, [162].
Education, National, State responsibility for, ignored till 1833, [133];
Samuel Whitbread earliest promoter of, [134];
proposes foundation of National Schools for, in 1809, [134];
scheme of, brought forward by Lord Brougham, 1820, [134];
first grant towards, in 1833, [133];
Lord Melbourne’s attempt to include Roman Catholics in benefit of grant for, in 1839, [134];
Andrew Bell and Joseph Lancaster, first promoters of a general and practical scheme for, 1836, [133];
previously left to be dealt with by Church of England and other religious bodies, [133].

Education, Private, by reading and by lectures, compared, [373].
Eglinton, Earl of, pre-eminence of, in early Victorian era, [3].
Eliot, George, influence of Herbert Spencer on, [334];
and through her on language of literature, [334].
Endowed Schools Act, 1874, objects of, [138];
work accomplished by, [139].
Endowed Schools Commission, now merged in Charity Commission, [162].
Epping Forest, Crown rights over, sold in 1842, [17];
declared a public pleasure ground, 1882, [17].
Eton, example of social evolution of Victorian era, [169];
not injuriously affected by the ‘new rich,’ [169];
expenses of education at, not increased, [170];
lessons learnt at, which books cannot teach, [171];
Latin verses, things of the past at, [171];
honours at Oxford and Cambridge during last forty years, [173];
social discipline of, shared with Harrow, [175];
successes of, boys direct from school in Civil Service examinations, [177];
at Woolwich and Sandhurst, [177];
public opinion at, favourable to work at school, [178];
new workshops at, for use of school, [178];
study of natural science at, [178];
classics and mathematics not displaced at, [178].
Etonians, distinguished, of Victorian era, [171-3];
the 12th Earl of Derby, the most typical of, [178].
Evolution, the sociological feature of Victorian era, [169].
Exeter School, connection of, with Cambridge University extension system, [192].
Explorations, at Pompeii, [331];
and at Babylon and Nineveh, [331];
effects of, on Roman and Biblical histories, [331].
Exports, English, stationary during early part of century, [17];
rapid increase of, on discoveries of gold, 1848-55, [23];
value of, for the twenty-five years preceding repeal of the Corn-laws, 1885 millions, [44];
succeeding repeal, 3031 millions, [44];
for last twenty-five years, 1871-96, 6290 millions, [44].
F
Falkner, J. Pascoe, founder of Melbourne, alive in 1866, [25].
Faraday, and the Prince of Wales, [323];
laboratory of, at Royal Institution, [323].
Farren, the, family a race of actors, [215];
Percival, at Haymarket Theatre, [215];
William, [215].
Faucit, Miss Helen, now Lady Martin, [215];
Shakesperian impersonations of, [215];
abiding influence exercised by, on the profession, [215].
Ferrier, Dr, his work in connection with the brain, [395].
Fines, in factories, disapproval of, [154];
lists of, compelled to be displayed in buildings, [155].
Fiscal Reforms, effects of, of Cobden, Bright and Peel, [16].
Fitzwilliam, Earl, descended from a Lord Mayor of London, [14].
Football, popularity of, [416];
a recent growth, [416];
feuds among players at, [416];
dangers of a referee at modern matches, [416].
Foreigners, resident in England, over 200,000, [222];
number of, doubled in twenty years, [222];
majority of, engaged in business, [222];
and nearly one-half of total number in London, [222];
European, about 170,000, [224];
American, about 26,000, [224];
remainder Asiatics or Africans, [224];

proportion of males to females among, [224];
distribution and employments of, [226];
pauperism amongst, [226];
small proportion of, employed as clerks, [227];
opinions of, on changes in appearance of English people in twenty years, [152].
Foreign intelligence, no longer dependent on telegrams, [386];
vast machinery and expenditure for supply of, [386].
France, industry in, effects of revolution on, [21];
all classes in, involved in common ruin, as a consequence of revolution, [21].
Free Libraries, establishment of, [362];
popularity of, [363];
sketches of working-men students at, [364];
origin and gradual growth of, [365];
the Chetham Library, [365];
the Guildhall Library, [365];
the Manchester Library, [365];
the Ewart Act, and its relation to, [365];
growth of metropolitan free libraries, [366];
examination of books most in demand at the, [368].
Fusion of classes, product of Victorian era, [114];
and keynote of our epoch, [201];
a process of levelling up, not down, [201].
G
Gallows, in public highways until Lord Grey’s Reform Act, [40].
Gambling, committee on, in 1844, [410];
number of, hells in 1841, [411];
‘Crockfords’ as a, club, [411];
‘play and pay,’ abolished [412].
Gladstone, W. E., and Sir Robert Peel, comparative popularity of, [10];
scheme of, for converting consols in 1853, [22].
Gold, importation of, from Russian mines, 1837-47, [16];
discovery of, in California, 1848, [17];
in Ballarat, 1850, [17];
gloomy predictions of Chevalier and Cobden as to consequences of discoveries of, [18];
views of Sir Roderick Murchison as to same, [18];
‘Nature’s Currency Restriction Act,’ [18];
of Sir Archibald Alison as to same, [19];
‘Nature’s Currency Extension Act,’ [19];
output of Mexican and Peruvian mines in fifteenth century, £800,000, [19];
Australian diggings in 1850-1, £18,000,000, [19];
fallacious arguments, as to effect of, based on ‘grain test,’ [19];
demonetization of, in Holland, [20];
advantages of supply of, recognized by Prince Consort, [20];
influx of, into Bank of England, [22];
decrease of bank rate, [22];
conversion of £3 per cent. consols, [22];
interest on Exchequer Bills, 1½ per cent. per annum, [22];
Australian cities built by, [24].
Gold fields, emigration to, in 1852, 369,000, [21];
average for five years succeeding discovery of, 250,000 per annum, [21];
maximum emigration to, in any one year, 500,000, [21];
costs of living at, [22];
rise of wages here, consequent on rush to, [23];
scarcity of agricultural labour in country, [23];
reduced to 100,000 per annum before 1859, [25].
Goldwin Smith, his fear of result of popularly elected Parliaments, [261].
Golf, revival of, as an English game, [414].
Gooch, Sir Daniel, chairman of Great Western Railway, [37];
his fortune not made in railways, [37].
Grammar schools, wasteful geographical distribution of, [141];
well endowed, with insufficient scholars, [141];
cases of, Chudleigh, Ashburton, Totnes and Bovey Tracey in Devon, [141];
Walsingham, Norwich, Ipswich and Bury Saint Edmunds in East Anglia, [142];
Ossett and other schools in the north, [142];
suggestions for utilizing decayed, [143];
instances of beneficial modifications of established, [143];
Bath College, excellent work done by, [143];
amalgamation of Somerset College and Sydney Grammar School, [143];
Charterhouse, successfully removed from London to Godalming, [144];
Archbishop Holgate’s, removed from Hewsworth to Barnsley, [144];
policy of maintaining the old, as machinery for Secondary Education, [144].
Grants for educational purposes, growth of, [135];
first grant in 1833 of £20,000, [134];
in 1857, amounted to £451,000, [135];
in 1860, exceeded £1,000,000, [135];
in 1870, were £1,125,000, [136].
Gresham, Sir Thomas, first of the Great Loan negotiators, [64].
Groups, government by, as in France, [240];
as distinguished from government by party, [240];
cycle of, a possibility in store for England, [273].
Grove, Sir George, discovery of lost scores of Schubert, [347];
dictionary of music by, [347].
Grove, Sir William, discoveries with regard to correlation of physical forces, [325].
Guildhall School of Music, founded in 1880, [341];
3496 pupils at, at Christmas 1896, [341].
H
Hallé, Charles, born in Westphalia, 1819, [345];
Beethoven’s music popularized in England by, [346].
Hamley, Sir Edward, sketch of, [308];
his work on the Operations of War, [309].
Handel, genius of, [344];
recognized by George I. when Elector of Hanover, [344];
his Te Deum performed at St Paul’s in Queen Anne’s reign, [344];
Messiah produced at Dublin in 1741, [344].
Helpless, the, legislative help for, distinctive of Victorian era, [388];
initiated by Prince Consort, [388].
Henry VIII., privileges of people as enjoyed under Plantagenets, contracted under, [93];
and under Elizabeth, [93];
practically ceased to exist under the Stuarts, [93].
Henty, joint-founder of Melbourne, alive 1882, [25].
Hercomer, Professor, receives pupils into his studio, [353].
Higher Grade Elementary Schools, in effect secondary schools, [148];
sixty, under control of English School Boards, [149];
thirty-nine of the, organized as science schools, [149];
4606 boys and 2023 girls, students at, [149].
Higher Grade Schools Examination Board, [147].
Hospitals, Prince of Wales’s fund for relief of, from debt, [390];
transformation in, during Victorian era, [391];
in character of medical students at, [392];
in management and organization of, [392];
revenues of, modern and ancient compared, [392];
St Bartholomew’s in 1650 and in 1890, [392];
special and general, [392];
number of, in London, [392];
game, flowers and other presents for, the fashion and rule, [393].
Hounds, packs of, number of, in England in 1837, [413];
number of, in England in 1897, [413];
subscribers to and supporters of, in 1897, [414].
House of Lords, debates such as formerly took place in House of Commons now confined almost exclusively to, [258];
composition of, similar to composition of old House of Commons, [258];
really a representative body, [264];
socially indistinguishable from Commoners in many ways, [265];
Peers in, created for political and social distinction, [266];
Peerages in, conferred on Lord Carrington, Macaulay, and Tennyson, [265];
later on, on Lord Armstrong, on widow of W. H. Smith and on Lord Glenesk, [265].
Hudson, George, the railway king, [6];
his gorgeous chariot, [6];
his personal appearance, [6];
his house at Albert Gate, [6];
entertains royalty, [7];
his fall, [7], [30];
hotel life at Calais, [7];
compared with Beau Brummell, [7];
born at York, son of a linen draper, [15];
drives train conveying Queen and Prince Consort to Cambridge, [29];
member for Sunderland, [30].
Huxley, Professor, and spontaneous generation, [330];
his observations anticipated by Schwann, [330].
Hyde Park, the social parade ground of the kingdom, [1];
originally a royal pleasure ground, [2];
visitors to, in different decades compared, [3];
bicycles admitted into, [7];
early water drinkers in, [9];
succeeded by early riders in, [9];
condition of, between 1840 and 1860, [7].
I
Imports, value of, during last twenty-five years, nearly 10,000 millions.
Income-Tax, gradual increase of, [25];
extended to Ireland, 1855, [25].
Incomes, assessment of, in 1855, 308 millions;
1875, 571 millions;
1882, 612 millions.
Indestructibility of matter, ascertained chemically in eighteenth century, [325].
Industries, no increase in staple, during recent years, [236];
decrease in agricultural, [236];
new, constantly arising, [236].
Intermediate Education Act, [149].
Ionian physicists, anticipation of modern discoveries by, [325].
Irish Famine, compared with that at Orissa, [231];
remarks on, in connection with Malthusian doctrine, [232].
Irving, Sir Henry, sketch of, [217].
Islington in 1840, still a country suburb, [40].
J
Jacob Omnium, nickname of Thackeray’s friend, Big Higgins, [6].
Jersey, Lady, popularity of, in early Victorian period, [10].
Jews, sufferings of, in England, under Henry III., [54];
levies on, Westminster Abbey completed by, in reigns of Richard III. and Henry VII., [54];
only twelve families of, in England, in 1633, [54];
re-establishment of, in England by Cromwell and Charles II., [54];
the Rodrigues and Goldsmids the heads of the, in time of George III., [55];
the Rothschilds originally Frankfort, [55];
no magistrates or sheriffs before 1837, [60];
Lord Campbell’s bill for removing this disability of, [60].
Joachim, Herr, popularity of, in England, [346];
director of Royal Academy of Music, Berlin, [346];
Doctor of Music of Cambridge, [346];
portrait of, by George Eliot, [346].
Jowett, Benjamin, personal efforts of, to extend first-class education, [156];
favoured scheme of unattached students at Oxford, [183];
lecture-rooms at Balliol opened to non-collegiate students by, [183].
K
Kean, Charles, actor, 1820-68, son of Edmund, [210];
educated at Eton, [210];
social position of, [211].
Kean, Edmund, Byron’s eulogy of, [210].
Kemble, frigid classicism of, [210].
Kinglake, A. W., historian of Crimean War, [11];
last survivor of early Hyde Park equestrians, [11].
L
Ladies College, Cheltenham, work of, in East End, [122].
Ladies of the Court, [280];
Mistress of the Robes, [280];
Ladies of the Bedchamber, [280];
Women of the Bedchamber, [280];
Maids of Honour, [280];
functions of the several, [281].
Landseer, Sir Edwin, elected R.A., 1830, [352];
social position of, exceptional, [352].
Lansdowne, Marquess of, pre-eminence of, in early Victorian days, [4].
Law, administration of, in Colonies, [426];
Roman Dutch Law in Ceylon, Guiana, and at the Cape, [426];
French forms of, still retained in Canada, [426];
Code Civile continued in Mauritius, [426].
Law Courts, effect of, on Fleet Street and the Strand, [422];
commemorate the unity of the Empire as well as the unity of administration of justice, [426].
Law reform, small results of, so long as two legal systems at work in Westminster Hall, [423];
abolition of monopoly of serjeants-at-law, a step in, [423];
permission to take evidence of persons interested in suit, a further important step in, [423];
appointment of commission to enquire into, [423];
Judicature Act, 1873, result of commission of 1869, [424];
fusion of law and equity by Judicature Act, [424];
principle of, laid down, that where equity and law conflict equitable doctrines shall prevail, [424];
room for, in connection with the circuit system, [425];
benefits of, to general public, summary of, [425].
Lawn tennis, subscription clubs for, [196];
part of revolt of sons and daughters of middle class, [196].
Legion Memorial, The, probably drawn up by Defoe, [274];
low-water mark of Parliamentary popularity, [275].
Legislation, modern, salutary effect of, [140];
on governors and teachers as well as on the taught, [140].
Lister, Lord, his discovery of the antiseptic treatment, [395].
Literary Leaders, of Victorian era, [373];
Dickens and Thackeray as, compared, [373];
Lord Lytton, Lord Stanhope and Monkton Milnes as patrons of, [374].
Literature and art, encouraged by Crown from Henry VIII. until Queen Anne, [282];
neglected by the Hanoverian Kings, [282];
revived encouragement of, by Queen Victoria, [282];
influence of Prince Consort in revival, [282].
Local Councils of Education, proposal to establish, [164];
functions of proposed, [164];
suggested composition of, [164];
suggested machinery for carrying out, [165].
Local Government Act, 1888, educational functions of County Council under, [140].
Local Government Board, establishment of, 1871, [389].
Local Improvement Acts, number of, prior to 1840, [389].
London, the pleasure ground of the world, [217];
the influence of Americans in making, [435];
the true mirror of England, [435].
London City Mission, opinions of missioners of, on East-end progress, [126].
London, Corporation of, always a popularly elected body, [103];
commission of 1853 for inquiring into affairs of, [104];
judicial functions of Lord Mayor and Aldermen preserved to, [106];
powers of an ordinary Borough Council retained by, [106];
an example to provincial townships, [106];
intense feeling of corporate life in, [106];
impression made by, on foreigners, [107];
relations of, to London County Council, [107];
four representatives of, on County Council, chosen by ratepayers, [108];
charities and hospitalities of, [108];
relation of Commissioners of Sewers to, [109].
London County Council, differs from other County Councils, [103];
judicial functions of officers of corporation left untouched by, [106];
eminent men who have been chairmen of, [112].
London Library, The, foundation and objects of [370];
first started in Pall Mall, [371];
its usefulness and growth, [371];
difference between, and Mudie’s Library, [371].
Longfellow, far-reaching influence of, as a poet, [379].
Lord-Mayors of London, number of noble houses founded by, [14];
attributes of, in minds of foreigners, [110];
not merely head officers of a great city, [110];
territorial estates, schools and other foundations controlled by the, [110].
Lord-Mayor’s day, traditional entertainment of ministers on, [14];
improvement in demeanour of mob on, [140];
characteristic of improvement in the masses, [140].
Lowe, Robert, afterwards Lord Sherbrooke, early educational reformer, [135];
introduces principle of payment by results, [135];
advice of, to educate our masters, followed, [151];
his sojourn in New South Wales, [434].
Lyell, Sir Charles, his work in relation to geology, [332];
influence of the Principles of Geology, [332].
Lytton, Bulwer, afterwards Lord Lytton, [327];
fifteen years in office as a public servant before being raised to the peerage, [327].
M
Macaulay, T. B., afterwards Lord, fifteen years in office as a public servant before raised to peerage, [327].
Macready, actor, 1827, 51, born 1793, died 1873, [209];
favourite with clergy, whom he taught elocution, [210];
social acceptance of, in London, [211].
Magistrates, 1000 elective, since District Councils instituted, [86];
instances of working men as, [86];
and agricultural labourers as, [86];
and an ex-policeman as, [86];
effect upon rural mind of elective element among the, [90];
powers of borough, since Corporation Act of 1835, [95];
specially qualified county, elected to County Councils, [98].
Making up parties, modern fashion of, for theatres, [197];
for dinners or suppers at restaurants, before or after theatres, [197].
Mallock, W. H., statistics relating to ‘Classes’ and ‘Masses,’ [32];
contribution of railways to prosperity of both, [34].
Malthus, Doctor, doctrines of Malthus, considered generally, [228];
increase of population during Victorian era considered in connection with, [231].
Mandates, popular, at elections, modern doctrine of, [272].
Medical discoveries, English, of Victorian era, large proportion of to whole, [396];
treatment of myxœdemia by Sir William Gull, one of the latest, [396].
Medical education, scheme of in England, perfected in 1860, [396];
relation of College of Physicians to, [396].
Members of Parliament, ‘English politics to the English youth,’ [246];
average age of, in 1837, over fifty years, [246];
in 1897, under forty years, [246].
Mendelssohn, Felix, born at Hamburg, [344];
his precocious genius, [345];
his influence in England, [345];
patron of John Parry, [345].
Metropolitan ‘Board of Works,’ established 1855, [105];
product of Metropolitan Local Management Act, 1855, [105];
unity of administration for the parishes of London by, [105].
Middle class, modern English, restlessness of, [194];
result of rapid locomotion and cheap press, [194];
influx of continental ideas among the, [194];
relaxation of orthodoxy of, [197];
all sections of, enfranchised by Reform Bill of 1832, [239].
Millionaires, Victorian, and their trades, [24];
sheep farmers of Australia, [24];
Brassey, the railway contractor, [35];
Jones Lloyd, a banker, [42];
Hope, a merchant, [42];
Bass and Guinness, brewers, [42];
Maple, retail tradesman, [42].
Military education, establishment of council of, [304];
formation of Aldershot camp for, [304].
Military resources of country, [296];
comparison of, in 1837 with those of 1897, [296];
incapacity of, to place 10,000 men in field in 1846, [303];
inadequacy of reserves of guns and stores, [303].
Militia, practical non-existence of, at Queen’s accession, [302];
last ballot for, in 1831, [302];
strength of in 1895, [302].
Minerals, £29,000,000 worth of, recovered in 1855, [32];
£80,000,000 worth of, recovered in 1895, [32].
Mining and steam industries compared, [32];
results of, [32].
Missionary societies, activity of, during Victorian era, [405];
British and Foreign Bible Society, income of, doubled, [405];
Society for Propagation of Gospel, income of, doubled, [405];
Church Missionary Society, income of, trebled, [405].
Mixed metaphors, modern, instances of, [372];
signs of the overlapping of literature by science and art, [372].
Molesworth, Sir William, pioneer of colonial self-government, [433];
Colonial Secretary, in 1853, [433].
Mudie’s Select Library, founded in 1842, [369];
far-reaching usefulness of, [369].
Music, revolution in, and in taste for, during Queen’s reign, [337];
the lady teacher of, in 1837, [337];
and in 1897, [338];

patronage of, by Court, [339];
fondness for, a tradition of English royalty, [340];
Royal Academy of, [340];
triumph of German over Italian school of, [344].
Musical education, in England and on Continent compared, [342];
encouraged and promoted by Prince Consort, [343].
Musician, the professional, sketch of, in 1837, [338];
and in 1897, [339].
N
National character, insularity of, disappearing generally, [194];
cosmopolitanism of, among upper classes, [204];
imitated by the middle class, [205].
National debt, gradual reduction of, during Queen’s reign, [45];
reduced from £821,000,000 after Crimean War, in 1856, [45];
to £652,000,000 in 1896, [45].
National Gallery, established in 1824, [354];
present building of, opened in 1838, [354];
Angerstein Collection, the nucleus of, [354];
Vernon bequest to, in 1847, [354];
£70,000 paid for Sir Robert Peel’s collection, [355];
£70,000 paid for ‘Ansidei Madonna’ to the Duke of Marlborough, [358].
Navy, training of officers and men of, [307];
reduction of, on conclusion of Napoleonic Wars, [311];
132 vessels on, list on Queen’s accession, [311];
461 vessels on, list at Queen’s diamond jubilee, [311];
Parliamentary vote for, in 1837, £3,000,000, [312];
in 1897, £23,000,000, [312];
establishment of H.M.S. Excellent as gunnery school for, [313];
manning of the, [313];
the naval reserve of the, [314];
institution of H.M.S. Britannia for education of midshipmen for, [314];
introduction of steam into the, [315];
five paddle-wheel steamers in, at Queen’s accession, [315];
condition of, at outbreak of Crimean War, [316];
recognition of value of, by Kinglake, [317];
and of the special value of steam in, [317];
the floating batteries of Crimean War, first ironclads of, [317];
the Warrior first sea-going ironclad of, [317];
turret and broadside armaments in, of to-day compared, [319].
Needlework, embroidery and lace, as fashionable amusements, [419].
Neighbourhood guilds, the, of New York, [121].
New educational authority, the want of a, [161];
must have an elastic operation, [161];
necessary functions of a, indicated, [162].
New South Wales, colony of, [25];
no foreign trade before 1848, [25];
exports from, in 1878 amounted to £13,000,000, [25];
imports into, in 1878 amounted to £17,000,000, [25];
valuable coalfields of, [25].
New York, advantages of intimate social connexion between, and London, [437].
Newspapers, English, number of in 1837, only 479, [381];
number of in 1897, 2396, [381];
heavily taxed by Harley in 1712, [381];
and by North and Pitt afterwards, [381];
taxation of, lowered by Spring Rice in 1836, [381];
repeal of paper duty in 1851, and rise of penny, in consequence, [381];
the Echo, the first of the halfpenny, [385];
increase of halfpenny, of late years, [385];
reviews of books in, [385];
great improvement in general character of, [387];
growing tendency of, towards political impartiality, [387].
Newspaper writers, growth of, as a class, [374];
instances of, Russell, Forbes, Dicey, Sala and others, [375];
action and reaction of, on the public press, [375];
Macaulay as one of the, father of the leading article style, [378];
no longer really anonymous, [385];
the recruiting of writers with well-known names for, [385];
the youth of modern, [386].
Newton, Sir Isaac, his discovery of law of gravitation, [324].
Nightingale, Florence, her training in Germany, [390];
the trained nurses who accompanied, in 1854, [390];
influence of, on origin of nursing as a profession, [390];
supercession of the ‘Mrs Gamp’ and decayed billiard-markers of former days, [391];
tributes to efficiency of system started by, [391].
Nonconformists, subject to greater numerical fluctuations than established churches, [405];
reasons for same, [405];
the numbers of the Congregationalists in 1837 and 1897, [404];
the numbers of Baptists in 1837 and 1897, [404].
Novel writers of eminence since Sir Walter Scott, [375];
commercial successes of, [375];
George Eliot, Dickens, Thackeray, Wilkie Collins and Charles Reade, as instances of, [375];
Bulwer Lytton and Disraeli as, compared, [376].
O
Organization, faculty for, of Prince Consort, [320];
of exhibition of 1851, by Prince Consort, [320].
Overlapping of schools, waste of educational energy caused by, [161].
Oxford, number of unattached students at University of, [183];
system of control over unattached students at, [183];
system of teaching the unattached at, [183];
honours gained at, by the unattached students, [184];
exemplary conduct of unattached at, [185];
professor of modern history at, formerly an unattached student, [186];
social clubs for undergraduates at, [188];
effect of social clubs at, on ‘union society,’ [188].
Oxford and Cambridge, middle class examinations, beginnings of, [147];
still uphold the standard of general culture in England, [150].
P
Palmerston, Lord, sketch of, [4];
descent from Sir John Houblon, Lord Mayor of London, [15].
Parish Councils, apparent tendency of, [80];
female members of, [80];
subjects of discussion at, [81];
‘one man one vote’ for, [81];
effect of, to restore many old manorial rights, [82];
sense of responsibility developed by, [83];
seldom convened more than once a year, [84];
differences between, and County Councils decided by the Local Government Board, [84];
obliged to hold their sittings in the evening, [90].
Parishes, English, prior to 1894, [77];
State represented by squire in, [77];
Church by vicar in, [77];
the village by the village club in, [77];
subjects of interest to inhabitants of rural, [78];
change which has come over, since 1894, [78];
the village meeting halls, modern centres of, [78];
home rule in, since 1894, [79];
the grouping of, great care taken in, [80].
Parliament, an assembly of business men, [268];
abhors rhetoric, [268];
submits to ascendency of great masters of eloquence, [269];
will not tolerate commonplace speeches, [269];
local Houses of, [269];
Houses of, burnt in 1834, [239];
temporary building for the meeting of, [239];
the new Houses of, several years building, [239];
House of Lords side of, opened after thirteen years, [240];
House of Commons side, opened after sixteen years, [240];
peeresses’ gallery in, [241];
ladies’ cage in, [242];
members of (see [members of Parliament]);
types of members, in the past, [247];
more modern types of, [251];
acceptance of position of delegates by, [256].
Parliamentary, oratory, change in fashion of, [248];
classical quotations no longer a feature of, [248];
business language used in modern, [249];
proceedings, foreign interest taken in, [249];
hospitality, five o’clock tea on Terrace, [245];
stage, and theatrical stages, parallel between, [250];
humorists, a succession of, [251];
children of the church, a regular supply of, [251];
obstruction, methods of, practised by Parnell, [255];
closure, the remedy for obstruction, [256].
Parochial schools, first suggested by S. Whitbread in 1807, [134].
Pauperism, statistics of, in England, [45];
50 per cent. less in 1897 than in 1857;
enormous reduction of, in the Midlands, [88];
and in Sussex, [88];
reduction in, a direct consequence of Act of 1834, [88];
less frequent application of workhouse test in cases of, [89].
Peel, Sir Robert, sketch of, [4];
his seat on horseback, [4];
popular respect in which held, [10].
Peerages, modern, conferred on representatives of science and art, [327];
on Tennyson as a poet, [327];
Playfair as a physician, [327];
Kelvin as a physicist, [327];
Lister as a surgeon, [327].
People’s Palace, The, a fanciful sketch of Sir Walter Besant, [362];
difficulties of administration in connection with, [125].
Periodicals, magazines and reviews, their popularity, [267];
used as substitutes for parliamentary speeches, [267];
mutual advantages to publisher and member of Parliament of the use of, as substitutes for speeches, [267].
Phelps, pupil of Macready, his position on stage, [216].
Photography, a production of the Victorian era, [333].
Physical investigations, appliances for, former want of, [324];
perfection of appliances now, product of Victorian era, [324].
Pictures, prices of, in 1649, [46];
gradual rise in, [47];
great sums paid by Russian Emperor, [48];
£30,000 realised by sale of the Walpole, in 1842, [49];
£60,000 by sale of the Bernal Collection of, in 1856, [50];
Gainsborough’s picture of the ‘Sisters’ sold for £6615 in 1873, [52];
resold in 1887 for £9975, [52].
Pitt, William, peerages bestowed on wealthy men by, [13];
his theory that £40,000 per annum should command a peerage, [42].
Plutocrat, education of the, by painters, as prophesied by Rossetti, [359];
the prophecy fulfilled, [359].
Poor, ignorance respecting the condition of the, [71];
the brothers Mayhew and the London, [71];
the Greenwoods and the casual ward, [72];
Leighton, Hicks-Beach and Denison, their work amongst the, [73];
the Dilke Commission for inquiry into the housing of, [389].
Poor-Law, under the Act of 1834, [87];
the Unions under the Act, called the New Bastilles, [87];
marked improvement in condition of working class since, [87].
Popular, constituencies organised by Reform Bill of 1832, [238];
franchises, a few abolished by Bill, [239];
meetings, displacement of great parliamentary speeches by, [257].
Population, increased, 30 per cent. during last sixty years, [234];
comparison of, with increased means of subsistence, [235].
Pre-Raphaelite, the, revolution in art, [360];
its effect on English art, [360].
Presbyterianism and the Free Kirk of Scotland, [404].
Press, the, anonymous system of, modified by various agencies, [384];
enlarged staffs employed on, [384];
amateurs and others, [384];
proprietorship of the newspaper, a fashion, [266];
a reflex of English thought and life, [266];
reptile of Germany, unknown in England, [266];
connection of leading men with special portions of, [267];
competition of periodicals with the newspaper, [267];
result of Gladstone’s Irish policy on the, [383];
political independence of, affected by that policy, [383].
Preston, strike at, the first great struggle between labour and capital, [24].
Prince Consort, sagacity of, early discovered, [20];
cultivation of artistic sense in English manufactures, due to, [20];
influence of, in shaping monarchy of to-day, [276];
sets example of royal sympathy with extra political activities of daily life, [276];
early training of, in view of his possible future home, [277];
reforms the domestic economy of the palace, [278];
attacks on, in clubs and drawing-rooms, [279];
as well as in the inferior press, [279];
institutes office of master of the household, [280];
promotion of science and art by, [282];
skill of the, as an organist, [284];
first public speech of, on the slave trade in 1840, [285];
revives the taste for classical music, [285];
initiates royal platform speeches on non-political matters, [285];
influence of Sir Robert Peel on the, [286];
Sir Charles Eastlake and the, friendship of, [288];
visits of Queen and, to Sir Robert Peel, [289];
to Louis Philippe, [289];
to Birmingham, Liverpool, Glasgow and Leeds, [289];
elected chancellor of the University of Cambridge, [289];
declines the post of commander-in-chief, [294];
suggestions of, for a system of national defence, [294];
acts as director of Ancient Concerts, [339];
rescues the Raphael cartoons from decay, [349];
efforts of, to make Court the centre of literary, scientific and artistic efforts, [323].
Prince of Wales, ubiquity of, [289];
untiring energy of, derived from his father, [289];
visit of, to tomb of George Washington in 1860, [437].
Prisons, no new, built since 1870, [367];
several, converted into public libraries, [367];
one of the, now the site of a fine art gallery, [367].
Private theatricals, local clubs for, [197].
Privy Council, judicial committee of, [427];
functions of, [427];
constitutional modifications of, [427].
Privy Purse, succession of able men who have acted as, [281];
distinction between, and Privy Seal, [281].
Problem, the educational, awaiting solution, Higher grade schools, [139].
Public Health Act, 1875, embodiment of efforts of individuals extending over forty years, [99].
Public Schools, increased numbers at, [96];
Bedford, Ipswich, Bath, Cheltenham and others;
products of Victorian era, [96].
Public School Act, 1868, effect of, [139].
‘Punch,’ Staffordshire miner, as delineated by, no longer true, [154].
Purcell, Henry, born 1675, [344] (note);
organist at Westminster when eighteen years old, [344];
prolific composer, [344];
German unintentional compliment to, [344].
Q
Quaker School at Ackworth, specially complimented by the Education Commission, [146].
Quarter Sessions, sketch of county town during, [97];
before Corporation Act and afterwards, [97].
Queen Elizabeth, comparison of, with Queen Victoria, [275].
R
Racehorse, the, indispensable to breed of horses, [412];
antiquity of, [412];
introduction of Arab blood into, [412];
social diploma to breeders of, [413].
Railway, the Manchester and Liverpool, death of Huskisson on, [28];
pays ten per cent. dividend in 1836, [29];
Queen did not travel by, until 1842, [28];
1800 miles of, open in England in 1843, [28];
enterprise, reaction in, in 1846, [31].
Railways, capital invested in, in 1850, £230,000,000, [31];
in 1894, £985,000,000, [31];
receipts of, in 1855, £21,000,000, [32];
in 1895, £84,000,000, [32];
how far, have enriched the landowners, [36];
wealth derived from, compared with that from other sources, [37];
nationalisation of, objections to, [38];
State control of, [38];
England and America, the two exceptions to, [38].
Reaction, signs of, against educational enthusiasm, [165];
grounds of, [165].
Reading School, connection of, with Oxford University extension system, [192].
Religious education, struggle over, sketch of the, [137].
Religious thought, various phases of, [398];
gratitude of Oxford verger for remaining a Christian, [398];
modern scepticism and, [398];
influence of Court on, [399];
Tractarian movement as a phase of, [399];
agnosticism as a phase of, fillip given to, by Dr Mansel, [406];
progress of, stayed by Benjamin Jowett, [406];
the ‘hard’ church, [407];
Dr Temple as representative of, [407];
Lux Mundi, [407].
Roman Catholicism, increase of, in large towns, [405];
and in colonies, [405];
increase of numbers of priests and churches, [405].
Rothschild, Lionel, issues Irish famine loan, 1847, [59];
lends £16,000,000 to English Government in 1854, [59];
advances £4,000,000 for purchase of Suez Canal shares, 1876, [60];
elected to Parliament as member for London, 1847, [60];
unable to take his seat until 1866, [60];
hospitalities at Gunnersbury, [61];
death of, in 1879, [61].
Rothschild, Mayer A., of Frankfort, founder of the family in the eighteenth century, [55];
known as the Crœsus of Europe, [55].
Rothschild, Nathan Mayer, arrives in England at end of the eighteenth century, [56];
buys bills on English Government during Napoleonic Wars, [56];
transmits funds to English forces in Peninsula, [56];
wrongly said to have watched the Battle of Waterloo, [56];
story of his agent at Ghent, [57];
early news of victory received by him from Ghent, [57];
causes dividends and interest on foreign stocks and loans to be paid in London, [57];
lends £12,000,000 to the English Government in 1829, [58];
buys Gunnersbury, [58];
death of Mayer Amschel in 1836, [59].
Rothschilds, the foreign loans of the firm, [61];
connection of the, with Egypt, [62];
monthly advances by the, to Egyptian Government, [62];
take security of private letter of English Foreign Secretary, [62];
charitable generosity of the, [62];
patrons of sport, [65];
and of art, [65];
loyalty of the, to England, [66];
influence of the, on Judaism generally, [66].
Rowing, the, of 1837 and 1897 compared, [414].
Royal Academy of Music, [340];
foundation of, in 1822, [340];
original site of, [340];
charter granted to, 1830, [340];
number of students at, in 1837, [340];
and in 1897, [340].
Royal Academy of Painting, [350];
Crown represented at dinner of, for the first time in 1851, [350];
speech of Sir Charles Eastlake at, [350];
and reply of the Prince Consort, [350];
visitors to Exhibition of, in 1837, [358];
and in 1897, [358].
Royal College of Music, [340];
founded in 1875 as a training school, [340];
reformed in 1882, [340];
charter granted to, in 1883, [340];
present endowment of, [341];
scholarships at, [341];
opened by H. R. H. Princess of Wales, [341].
Royal Society, Queen’s signature in register of, [321].
Rural population, decrease in, during last twenty years, [325].
S
Sanitary reform, reduction in death-rate due to, [394];
work of John Simon in connection with, [395];
and of the Budds and Dr Snow, [395].
Savings banks, deposits in, doubled in ten years ending 1896, [45].
School Board, instances of successful, boys, [156];
at universities and in Civil Service examinations, [156];

and of girls, [157];
at Girton College and elsewhere, [157].
School Board children, increase in number of, under the Free Education Act, 1891, [137];
numbers of, for five years preceding Act, 269,903, [138];
for five years succeeding Act, 521,860, [138].
Science and art, slowness of State recognition of, [320].
Science and Art Department, grants made by, to schools, [138].
Scientific Corps, the, engineers and artillery, [305];
recent recognition of rights of, in army, [305].
Sculptors, Alfred Stevens, effigy of Wellington by, [361];
Hamo Thornycroft and Sir E. Boehm, works of, [361];
growing popularity of English, [361].
Sculpture, our climate not favourable to exhibitions of, [361];
progress of, in England, notwithstanding, [361].
Seaside resorts, imitation of continental examples at, [208].
Secondary schools, estimated proportion of population educated at, does not exceed 2.5 per 1000, [145];
proportion very variable, [145];
from 1.1 per 1000 in Lancashire, [145];
to 13.5 in Bedfordshire, [145];
private, efficient service rendered to education by, [146];
plea for State help to private, [146];
of the great city companies, [149];
especially those of the drapers’, the goldsmiths’ and the grocers’, [149].
Skating rinks, shock to old-fashioned ideas caused by, [195];
first revolt of sons and daughters of middle class illustrated at, [195].
Slaney, Colonel, motion by, for enquiry into health of towns, [389].
Smaller endowed schools, old practice of farming out, [140];
evil effects of, [141];
vigorous dealing of corporations with the practice, [141];
closing of, recommended by the commissioners, [141].
Society, still a close corporation, [198];
but more and more subject to external influences, [198];
recruited from alien elements, [199];
ideal standard of, unaltered, [202].
Society of comparative legislation, [427].
Somerset, Duchess of, the Queen of Beauty at Eglinton tournament, [3].
South America, English loans to Republics of, [16].
South Kensington, the whole of, market gardens in 1840, [41];
contrast between the, of 1840 and that of 1890, [321];
labours of Prince Consort in connection with, [322];
entirely the growth of the Victorian era, [354];
an artistic ‘Mecca,’ [354];
Department of Practical Art at, [356];
under control of Board of Trade, [356];
Department of Science and Art at, [356];
under control of President of the Council, [356];
Marlborough House Collection, removed to, in 1856, [356];
Forster bequest of Dickens’s manuscripts to, [357];
institutions affiliated to, [357];
30,000 pupils annually pass through the Science and Art Department at, [357].
Sovereign, constitutional influence of, [261];
increased since days of absolute monarchy, [261];
surrender of political initiative by, [261];
compensated by increase of social ascendancy of, [261];
technical right of, to nominate and dismiss ministers, [261];
exercise of that prerogative in 1834 by William IV., [262];
the permanent head of a department of the State, [262];
view of Prince Consort, as to Sovereign’s position, [262];
self-effacement of, impossible under Parliamentary Governments, [264];
the sole guarantee for continuity of policy, [271];
duty of Sovereign to judge which party in state can best carry on the government of the country, [271].
Steam, transformation of country by, [27].
Stephenson, George, his invention at first decried, [28];
sums up relations between the railways and the country, [37].
Sullivan, Sir Arthur, his work and public services, [347].
Sunday Schools, started by Robert Raikes late in eighteenth century, [133].
Surgeons, work of eminent, [395];
exemplified by Cæsar Hawkins, Benjamin Brodie and Spencer Wells, [395].
T
Tait, Archbishop and family, riders in Hyde Park, [9].
Teachers, profession of, no proper representation of, [163];
assistant, in secondary schools, underpaid, [164].
Technical Education Act, 1890, for teaching handicrafts, [160];
grants authorised to be made by, [100].
Terry, the family, a family of actors and actresses, [216];
Kate (Mrs Arthur Lewis), peerless in melodrama, [215];
Ellen, as a comedian, [216].
Thackeray, W. M., distinguished figure in Hyde Park, [6].
Thames, shocking condition of, between 1804 and 1866, [40].
Theatre, The, position of, in early Victorian times, [41];
advice of Matthew Arnold, to organize, [209];
Macready, first organizer of, 1827 to 1851, [209];
difficulties experienced by him in attempt, [209];
dulness of, long after it became respectable, [212];
Lord Lytton’s Money, dramatized for, [212];
Robertson’s Society produced at Prince of Wales’s, [212];
revival of popularity of, [213];
caused by production of Robertson’s plays, [213];
Lyceum, under Bateman, [214];
Miss Bateman as Leah at, [214];
first appearance of H. Irving at, [214];
opinions expressed by George Lewes and George Eliot on Irving at, [215];
result of influx of strangers into London, on Victorian, [218];
the suburban, of recent times, [218];
status of, raised by succession of high-class actors, [219].
Tollemache, Lord, of Peckforton, sketch of, [12];
the harness and trappings of his team, [12].
Trollope, Anthony, sketch of, [12];
his sturdy cob, [12].
U
Universities, advice to settlers in East End, from, [130];
extension lectures of, [180];
Oxford and Cambridge brought to people’s doors by, [180];
revolution in domestic life at the, [180];
less noticeable at Oxford than at Cambridge, [180];
unattached or non-collegiate students at, [181];
a return to mediæval usage, [181];
comparative cost of education to unattached students at, [182];
fellows and tutors of colleges at the, [189];
altered habits and duties of fellows and tutors, [189];
alteration due to extension lectures and similar causes, [190];
scope of, extension lectures, [190];
synopsis of course, distributed beforehand, [190];
local schools and colleges in communication with, [192].
University settlement in East End of London, [115];
clubs for adults encouraged by, [117];
dominant idea of, [120];
multifarious duties of a settler in, [121].
Urban population, increase of, during last twenty years, [435].
V
Vanderbilt, Commodore, sells fleet of ships to buy railway shares, [34].
Victoria, colony of, indebted mainly to gold for its progress, [24];
gold raised in, between 1851 and 1859, 89 millions, [25];
imports rose to £30 per head of population, [26];
exports to £56 per head of population, [26].
Victorian squire, often a self-made man, [200];
seldom violates old traditions, [200];
life of, at hall or manor, [200];
not very different from his predecessor, [200];
supports the subscription pack, [201];
breeds shorthorns, [201];
and becomes a judge of cattle, [201].
Volunteers, instructions to Lords-Lieutenant in 1859 to raise, [303];
Prince Consort’s influence in securing issue of, [303];
first review of, in Hyde Park, 23d June 1860, [303];
number of, in 1860, 119,000, [303];
in 1886, 226,752, [303];
800,000 men, still of military age, in Great Britain, have been, [304].
W
Wages, increase of, of working classes, in Victorian era, [43].
Wakefield, Gibbon, sketch of his career, [433];
his Art of Colonization, [433].
Ward, Samuel, sketch of, [437];
nicknamed ‘Uncle Sam,’ [438];
founds a social and literary Anglo-American school, [438].
Warwick, Earl of, descended from Sir Samuel Dashwood, vintner, a Lord Mayor of London, [15].
Watkin, Sir Edward, exceptional position of, [37].
Wealth, aristocracy of, unknown before 1851, [42].
Wellington, Duke of, personal sketch of, [4];
popular respect shown to, at all times, [10].
Whewell, Dr, historian of the Inductive Sciences, [325].
Windsor, compared with Weimar, [323].
Working Men’s Club, established at Lancaster in 1860, [118];
and Institute Union, functions of, [126];
founded by Lords Brougham and Lyttleton, [118].
Working Men’s College, Great Ormond Street, [118];
founded by Maurice and Thomas Hughes, [118].
Y
Youth, change in figure and appearance of English, [202];
improved expression on countenances of, [203];
taller and better set up, [203];
women as well as men, [203];
lofty stature and Junonian majesty of modern English feminine, [203].

THE END

Colston & Coy., Limited. Printers, Edinburgh.

Footnotes:

[1] Edited by Dr Ernst Regel—Berlin, 1894.