Wirtemberg Syphon.—This syphon is the same as the simple syphon, excepting that the two branches are of equal length, and are bent in U at both extremities. [Pl. 3], fig. 22.
Syphon with three Branches.—This instrument is represented by [pl. 2], fig. 19. Close a tube at one end and draw it out at the other; pierce it at some inches from the contracted extremity, and solder to the hole a little tube of which the other end has been closed with wax. Give the tube the bend necessary to constitute a syphon, and open the two branches. The soldering of the two tubes is facilitated by giving to the extremity of the little tube a bend which adapts it to be applied parallel to the large tube. When the syphon is desired to be well finished, the mouth-piece of the little tube must be bordered and widened, and a bulb must be blown near the mouth-piece.
Syphon with Jet of Water.—This instrument is represented by [pl. 3], fig. 1. Take a tube of a large diameter, close it at one end, and draw it out at the other. Cut the contracted part in such a manner as to be able to introduce, through the orifice, the extremity, also drawn out, of another tube, which should be almost capillary. Solder these together in such a manner that the point of the small tube shall remain fixed about an inch within the interior of the reservoir. Pierce again the latter, at B, and solder there another branch of the same diameter as the former; but fix it in such a manner that its side shall be contiguous to the side of the reservoir. Finally, give to the branches the bend represented by the figure.
Spoons.—Solder a bulb to the extremity of a capillary tube; open the bulb as for a funnel, but make the opening laterally. Cut with scissars the edges of the part blown open, and in such a manner as to form a spoon or a ladle, according as the bulb had the form of a sphere or an olive. This instrument is useful for taking small quantities of acids. [Pl. 3], fig. 11.
Spirit Level.—The spirit level is represented by [pl. 2], fig. 28. Choose a piece of tube very straight, and with sides precisely of the same thickness in all parts. Seal it at one end, and draw it out abruptly at the other. Fill it almost entirely with alcohol, and seal the point by the jet of a candle.