[1754] Early Man in Britain, pp. 296-7.
[1755] Ib., p. 302.
[1756] L’Anthr., iv, 1893, pp. 551-4; xvi, 1905, p. 187; La Grande Encyclopédie, xiv, 856; Association franç. pour l’avancement des sc., 33e sessn., 1904 (1905), pp. 1034-49.
[1757] Rice Holmes, Caesar’s Conquest of Gaul, 1899, pp. 257-73.
[1758] See p. 400, supra.
[1759] The late Mr. Elton (Origins of Eng. Hist., 1890, pp. 149-50) affirmed that certain customs, of which the couvade was one, had ‘left distinct traces in the usages which still prevail in the region of the Pyrenees. But,’ he continued, ‘at present there seems to be no point of connection between them and anything which was ever observed in this country’; and he insisted that this ‘should be taken into account by those who assert the identity of the Iberians with the Britons of the Silurian type’. I have not asserted that identity in the narrower sense in which Mr. Elton used the word ‘Iberian’: nevertheless his objection has no force. The answer to it is, first, that the couvade did survive in historical times, or leave traces of its former existence, in Ireland, Scotland, and Yorkshire (pp. 94-5, supra); secondly, that the custom prevails, or has prevailed, among peoples of every continent except Australia, who could never have influenced one another (ib.); and lastly, that it cannot be expected that widely scattered peoples who originally sprang from one stock should continue to preserve all the customs of their ancestors.
The other ‘customs’ of which Mr. Elton spoke are not worth mentioning. He simply affirmed that certain tribes who inhabited the Iberian peninsula in ancient times had different customs. Naturally. The fact in no way tends to prove that they did not belong to the same stock.
[1760] Cf. Rev. mensuelle de l’École d’anthr., x, 1900, p. 230.
[1761] Les premiers habitants de l’Europe, ii, 1894, p. 213.
[1762] Rice Holmes, Caesar’s Conquest of Gaul, 1899, pp. 276-7. See also Rev. arch., 4e sér., i, 1903, pp. 65-6; Rev. celt., xxx, 1904, p. 372; and p. 296, n. 4, supra.