TABLE OF CONTENTS. |
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| [PROLOGUE.] |
| | PAGE |
| [The Kingdom as Prophesied and as Fulfilled,] | xix |
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| [CHAPTER I.] |
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| [Relation Between the Civil and the Spiritual Powers from Adam to Christ.] |
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| [1. The Divine and the Human Society, founded in Adam, refounded in Noah.] |
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| [The origin of man, of woman, of marriage, and of the human family,] | 1 |
| [Archetypal character of the fact that man is created a Race,] | 3 |
| [Sole creation of Adam in the maturity of thought and speech and the perfection of knowledge, as shown in the naming of creatures,] | 4 |
| [Subsequent building of woman from man,] | 5 |
| [The divine Image and Likeness in the individual man,] | 5 |
| [A further Image of the ever-blessed Trinity in the Race,] | 6 |
| [Indication of the Headship and the Passion of Christ in the original creation,] | 8 |
| [Beauty and splendour of the divine plan,] | 9 |
| [The part in the divine plan which belongs to man’s free-will,] | 10 |
| [The divine treatment of man as a Race not broken by the Fall,] | 11 |
| [Adam after the Fall the head of the civil and the religious order,] | 12 |
| [Bearing of man’s condition before the Fall upon his subsequent state,] | 13 |
| [Adam receives in a great promise a disclosure of the future,] | 14 |
| [He becomes the Teacher and likewise the Priest of his Race,] | 15 |
| [The rite of sacrifice,] | 15 |
| [Triple dignity of Adam in this first society, ] | 16 |
| [Man breaks up this society by the misuse of his free-will,] | 17 |
| [Resumption of the unity of the Race and its reparation in Noah,] | 18 |
| [Condition of man, individual and collective, at this new beginning of the race; marriage and sacrifice,] | 19 |
| [Express establishment of civil government by divine authority,] | 20 |
| [Union of religion with civil government from the beginning,] | 21 |
| [Parallel between Adam and Noah,] | 22 |
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| [2. The Divine and Human Society in the Dispersion.] |
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| [Unity of human language withdrawn on account of a great sin,] | 24 |
| [Coeval with which the various nations spring forth out of the one original society,] | 26 |
| [Injury to human society by the degradation of the conception of God,] | 28 |
| [Loss of belief in the divine unity followed by loss of the sense of man’s brotherhood,] | 29 |
| [Proof of this brotherhood recovered by science in the case of the Aryan family of nations,] | 31 |
| [The one universal society becomes many nations at enmity with each other,] | 32 |
| [Their state after a long lapse of time, when their several histories begin,] | 33 |
| [Original goods of the race still remaining—] |
| [1. Marriage,] | 35 |
| [2. Religion as centered in the rite of sacrifice,] | 37 |
| [3. Civil government,] | 38 |
| [4. Alliance between government and religion,] | 41 |
| [Cumulative testimony of the four in their contrast with slavery to the unity of man’s Race, as its origin is recorded by Moses,] | 43 |
| [Summary of the course of mankind from the Dispersion to Christ,] | 44 |
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| [3. Further Testimony of Law, Government, and Priesthood in the Dispersion.] |
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| [The fiction of universal savagery, or different races, or simial descent,] | 45 |
| [The author of “Ancient Law” upon original society,] | 46 |
| [Proof from comparative jurisprudence of the patriarchal theory,] | 47 |
| [Law and government in their commencement,] | 48 |
| [Family the ancient unit of society,] | 49 |
| [Universal belief or assumption of blood-relationship,] | 50 |
| [The Roman Patria Potestas a relic of the original rule,] | 52 |
| [Family everything, the individual unknown,] | 52 |
| [Original union of religion with government,] | 53 |
| [Origin of law and property,] | 54 |
| [Summary of the foregoing witness,] | 55 |
| [The Two Powers from the beginning,] | 56 |
| [Degradation of worship and degradation of society in Gentilism,] | 57 |
| [Deification of the State,] | 58 |
| [Which, however, remains a lawful power,] | 59 |
| [The distinction between sacerdotal and civil power in the Roman republic,] | 60 |
| [The power of the Pontifex Maximus united to that of the Principate,] | 62 |
| [The College of Pontifices reversing a tribunitial law,] | 63 |
| [The distinction between Sacerdotal and Civil Power running through all ancient nations,] | 64 |
| [Witness of the heathen priesthood to the unity of man’s Race,] | 65 |
| [The providence of Abraham’s call,] | 66 |
| [Relation of the Two Powers in the Mosaic law,] | 67 |
| [The actual result of the coming of Christ,] | 68 |
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| [CHAPTER II.] |
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| [Relation between the Spiritual and the Civil Powers after Christ.] |
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| [1. The Spiritual Power in its Source and Nature.] |
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| [The Spiritual Power not only allied but subordinate to the Civil throughout the Gentile world at the death of Christ,] | 70 |
| [1. Its independence in Israel alone, as acknowledged by the people, a result of the creation of the Aaronic priesthood,] | 72 |
| [Special offices of the High Priest,] | 73 |
| [2. The part of the High Priest through the whole history from Moses to Christ,] | 75 |
| [3. The actual jurisdiction of the High Priest under the Roman Empire,] | 77 |
| [ 4. The High-priesthood and the system of worship over which it presided viewed as a prophecy and preparation for Christ,] | 80 |
| [Bearing of the High-priesthood to Christ at His coming,] | 82 |
| [The undisputed circumstances of Christ’s death,] | 83 |
| [Extreme antecedent improbability of what followed,] | 84 |
| [Its dependence upon a supernatural and miraculous fact,] | 85 |
| [As the Race springs from Adam in Paradise, so the Spiritual Power from Christ at His Resurrection,] | 86 |
| [The inward cohesion of Priesthood, Teaching, and Jurisdiction,] | 87 |
| [The two forces of the Primacy and the Hierarchy from the beginning,] | 90 |
| [The unity and triplicity of power in the regimen of the Church an image of the Divine Unity and Trinity,] | 92 |
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| [2. The Spiritual Power a Complete Society.] |
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| [The supernatural society exists for a supernatural end,] | 93 |
| [To which the present life is subordinated,] | 94 |
| [And which is beyond the provision of temporal government,] | 95 |
| [Analogy between the Two Powers,] | 96 |
| [Complete philosophical basis on which the Spiritual Power rests,] | 98 |
| [How the inward life which it imparts is united with the Person of Christ,] | 99 |
| [From whom, in worship, belief, and conduct, the Christian people derives,] | 101 |
| [The King and the Kingdom not of this world but in it, fulfilled in thirteen particulars,] | 103 |
| [ 1. A kingdom ruling all the relations of man Godward,] | 103 |
| [ 2. Having an end outside this life,] | 103 |
| [ 3. Deriving all authority from Christ as Apostle and High Priest,] | 103 |
| [ 4. Producing its people from its King,] | 103 |
| [ 5. Imparting grace from the King in its sacraments,] | 104 |
| [ 6. Transmitting the King’s truth by the order of its regimen,] | 104 |
| [ 7. Having a complete analogy with civil government,] | 104 |
| [ 8. Fulfilling man’s need of supernatural society,] | 105 |
| [ 9. Generating an universal law for all relations of public and private life,] | 105 |
| [10. Possessing independence of the Temporal Power,] | 106 |
| [11. Not limited in space,] | 106 |
| [12. Not limited in time,] | 107 |
| [13. A kingdom of charity through union with its King,] | 107 |
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| [3. Relation of the Two Powers to each other.] |
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| [Principles which ruled the relation between the Two Powers before Christ,] | 108 |
| [A new basis given to the Spiritual Power by Christ, from which every relation to the Temporal Power springs,] | 110 |
| [1. All Christians subject to the Spiritual Power,] | 112 |
| [2. And likewise to the Temporal Power as God’s Vicegerent,] | 112 |
| [3. The relation between the Two Powers intended by God is amity,] | 114 |
| [4. A separate action of the Two Powers, without regard to each other, not intended,] | 115 |
| [5. Persecution of the Spiritual by the Temporal not intended,] | 119 |
| [6. Contrast between human kingdoms and the divine kingdom,] | 120 |
| [The end the ground of the subordination of the one to the other,] | 122 |
| [Doctrine of St. Thomas to that effect,] | 123 |
| [The indirect power over temporal things,] | 124 |
| [Sum of the foregoing chapter; Orders of Nature and Grace,] | 125 |
| [Co-operation of the Two Powers as stated by St. Gregory VII.,] | 126 |
| [The image of marriage, as describing the ideal relation and the various deflections from it,] | 128 |
| |
| [CHAPTER III.] |
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| [Transmission of Spiritual Authority from the Person of our Lord to Peter and the Apostles, as set forth in the New Testament.] |
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| [The Church a kingdom subsisting from age to age by its own force, but its original records to be considered,] | 131 |
| [Institution of the Priesthood; St. Paul’s and St. Luke’s testimony,] | 132 |
| [St. Matthew, St. Mark, and St. John,] | 133 |
| [Transmission of Spiritual Power as recorded by St. Matthew,] | 136 |
| [The same according to St. Mark,] | 138 |
| [The same according to St. Luke in his Gospel,] | 139 |
| [And in the Acts,] | 139 |
| [His record of a peculiar promise made to Peter,] | 141 |
| [Conversation which forms his main addition to the narrative,] | 141 |
| [Contrast between Gentile and Christian rule,] | 143 |
| [The kingdom disposed to the Apostles,] | 144 |
| [The confirmation of the brethren,] | 145 |
| [The time of the confirming marked out,] | 146 |
| [St. Luke distinguishes Peter as markedly as St. Matthew and St. John,] | 148 |
| [Testimony of St. John as to the promises made to the Apostles,] | 149 |
| [And as to the universal pastorship bestowed on St. Peter,] | 152 |
| [Two classes of passages,] | 153 |
| [Comparison of the two,] | 154 |
| [And of the testimony of the four Evangelists,] | 156 |
| [Caution that what is recorded is not all that passed,] | 157 |
| [Perfect instruction of the Apostles in the forty days,] | 158 |
| [The powers comprising the Apostolate,] | 159 |
| [The powers bestowed on Peter,] | 160 |
| [Testimony of St. Paul; conception of the Church as the Body of Christ,] | 161 |
| [Of the one ministry by which the Body is compacted together,] | 162 |
| [Of mission from this Body as necessary to every herald of the gospel,] | 164 |
| [Of the grace given by ordination,] | 165 |
| [Mow the unity set forth by St. Paul bears witness to the Primacy of St. Peter,] | 166 |
| [Of the inseparable bond of unity, truth, and government in St. Paul’s mind,] | 167 |
| [Six names by which he designates the principle of his own authority,] | 168 |
| [The great vision of our Lord and His Church in the Apocalypse in accordance with St. Paul and the Evangelists,] | 171 |
| [Four qualities of Spiritual Power in this Scriptural testimony,] | 175 |
| [1. The coming from above,] | 175 |
| [2. Its completeness,] | 176 |
| [3. Its unity,] | 179 |
| [4. Its independence,] | 181 |
| [How the idea of perpetuity pervades all these qualities,] | 182 |
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| [CHAPTER IV.] |
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| [Transmission of Spiritual Authority, as Witnessed in the History of the Church from A.D. 29 to A.D. 325.] |
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| [The letter of St. Clement of Rome,] | 184 |
| [Description of this letter by St. Irenæus,] | 185 |
| [St. Clement urges the Roman military discipline as an example for Christian obedience,] | 186 |
| [Minute regulations given by Christ as to religious ordinances,] | 187 |
| [The descent of all spiritual order from above,] | 188 |
| [Example of Moses in establishing the Jewish Pontificate,] | 189 |
| [How the Apostles appointed everywhere Bishops with a rule of succession,] | 190 |
| [St. Clement fills up details omitted in the Gospel record,] | 190 |
| [How he attests the continuation of the Mosaic hierarchy of high priest, priest, and levite in the Christian Church,] | 191 |
| [How he says that Christian ordinances are to be observed more accurately than Mosaic,] | 193 |
| [How the Apostles carried out the descent of power from above,] | 194 |
| [Why St. Clement instances the origin of the Jewish hierarchy,] | 195 |
| [How St. Clement exercises the Primacy,] | 197 |
| [St. Ignatius of Antioch supplements St. Clement of Rome,] | 200 |
| [His statement as to Bishops throughout the world, combined with his statement as to the authority of the local Bishop,] | 201 |
| [The complete testimony of St. Clement and St. Ignatius,] | 203 |
| [The historian Eusebius notes three periods in the first ninety years,] | 205 |
| [Sum of his testimony as to the great Sees and the Episcopate,] | 206 |
| [How Tertullian describes the first propagation of the Church,] | 211 |
| [And how Irenæus,] | 213 |
| [Concordance with the Gospels of these statements of St. Clement, St. Ignatius, Eusebius, St. Irenæus, and Tertullian,] | 215 |
| [Bishops in every city and town of the Empire before the peace of the Church,] | 216 |
| [St. Peter, St. Paul, and the Apostles appointed everywhere local Bishops,] | 217 |
| [The Bishop universally said to wield a government,] | 218 |
| [Bishops sent out from Rome to convert the nations,] | 219 |
| [Episcopal government universal,] | 220 |
| [But the One Episcopate much more than this,] | 222 |
| [St. Cyprian’s One Episcopate illustrated by St. Leo the Great,] | 223 |
| [What the One Episcopate adds to the universal establishment of Bishops,] | 224 |
| [The special character of the miracle which St. Chrysostom and St. Augustine proclaimed,] | 227 |
| [St. Augustine’s criterion in the fourth century applied to the nineteenth,] | 229 |
| [St. Chrysostom’s epitome of the Church’s course preceding his time,] | 230 |
| [Christ’s special miracle is that He founds the race of Christians,] | 231 |
| [Contrast of the race with that out of which it was formed,] | 232 |
| [The incessant conflict amid which it was done,] | 233 |
| [A reflection upon this picture of the Church,] | 236 |
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| [CHAPTER V.] |
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| [The One Episcopate Resting upon the One Sacrifice.] |
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| [St. Clement’s assertion of the care with which our Lord instituted the government of His Church,] | 238 |
| [Christ’s High-priesthood consisting in two acts,] | 239 |
| [1. The assumption of a created nature,] | 240 |
| [2. The offering that nature in sacrifice,] | 241 |
| [His union of these two acts in instituting the Priesthood of His Church,] | 242 |
| [The institution of bloody sacrifice in the world before Christ,] | 243 |
| [Lasaulx’s statement how it enters into all the acts of human life,] | 245 |
| [What the ceremonial of Gentile sacrifice was,] | 250 |
| [Union and correspondence of prayer and sacrifice,] | 253 |
| [The sense of guilt in bloody sacrifice,] | 254 |
| [Bloody sacrifice a positive divine enactment,] | 254 |
| [Statement of St. Augustine to this effect,] | 255 |
| [St. Thomas on sacrifice as offered to God alone,] | 256 |
| [Bloody sacrifice the most characteristic fact of the pre-Christian world,] | 257 |
| [The practice of human sacrifices running through the history of ancient nations,] | 259 |
| [Conclusion as to the divine appointment of sacrifice,] | 261 |
| [The Christian Sacrifice the counterpart of the original institution,] | 263 |
| [And the compendium of the whole dispensation,] | 265 |
| [Containing in itself all the original force of sacrifice,] | 267 |
| [But besides it is guardian of the Divine Unity,] | 268 |
| [And of the Divine Trinity,] | 268 |
| [And of the Incarnation,] | 269 |
| [And of the Redemption,] | 270 |
| [And of the adoption to Sonship,] | 271 |
| [It contains also the fountain of spiritual life,] | 272 |
| [And the source of sanctification,] | 273 |
| [And the medicine of immortality,] | 274 |
| [The presence of Christ’s physical body, St. Chrysostom,] | 275 |
| [The unity of the Christian people its result, St. Augustine,] | 276 |
| [How our Lord impressed His High-priesthood on the world,] | 276 |
| [Jurisdiction necessary to constitute a kingdom,] | 278 |
| [Jurisdiction in the diocese and in the whole Church,] | 279 |
| [The fulfilment of the parable, “I am the true vine,”] | 280 |
| [The Eucharistic Sacrifice the centre of life in the Church during eighteen hundred years,] | 283 |
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| [CHAPTER VI.] |
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| [Independence of the Ante-Nicene Church shown in her Organic Growth.] |
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| [The Church’s triple independence in government, teaching, and worship as actually carried out,] | 287 |
| [Occasion of the Nicene Council’s convocation,] | 289 |
| [The Emperor thereby recognised the Church as a divine kingdom,] | 290 |
| [This kingdom, as it appeared in A.D. 29 and in A.D. 325,] | 291 |
| [The Emperor also acknowledged the solidarity of the Episcopate,] | 292 |
| [The Christian Council and the Roman Senate,] | 293 |
| [Force of the Council as to the relation between Church and State,] | 294 |
| [A. Independence of the Church’s government shown in five points,] | 295 |
| [1. The ordered gradation of the hierarchy in mother and daughter churches,] | 296 |
| [Recognised as original in the 6th canon of the Council,] | 297 |
| [This principle carried through the whole structure of the Church,] | 298 |
| [Symbolised in the building of the great medieval cathedrals,] | 301 |
| [2. Development of Provincial Councils,] | 302 |
| [3. Action of the Church in hearing and deciding causes,] | 303 |
| [Her proper jurisdiction in the exterior and interior forum,] | 304 |
| [The episcopal magistracy exercised in a fourfold gradation,] | 306 |
| [4. Election of Bishops and the inferior ministers,] | 307 |
| [St. Cyprian’s testimony,] | 308 |
| [Outcome of the three centuries in this respect,] | 309 |
| [The principle upon which all this practice was built,] | 310 |
| [5. Administration of temporal goods,] | 311 |
| [Three states as to these goods in the early Church,] | 312 |
| [Acquisition and usage of temporal goods,] | 313 |
| [Temporal goods in A.D. 29 and in A.D. 325,] | 315 |
| [B. Independence of the Church’s teaching,] | 316 |
| [The first teaching purely oral, based upon authority,] | 317 |
| [Three classes of truths forming the divine and the apostolical tradition,] | 319 |
| [Importance in this period of exclusively oral teaching in exhibiting the Church’s office of teacher,] | 320 |
| [Seen in the rite of baptism,] | 321 |
| [In the Eucharistic Liturgy,] | 322 |
| [Picture of the Eucharistic Sacrifice by an Apostle,] | 324 |
| [Further exhibition in the rite of Ordination,] | 328 |
| [Fullness of the Magisterium expressed in these rites,] | 329 |
| [The Church’s teaching office neither changed nor diminished by the writings of the New Testament,] | 331 |
| [Shown by the nature of the office in itself,] | 331 |
| [By the circumstances under which these writings came,] | 331 |
| [By their internal arrangement,] | 332 |
| [By their own positive testimony,] | 335 |
| [The living personal authority an unchangeable principle,] | 335 |
| [Things in the Church which preceded the publication of the New Testament,] | 336 |
| [The written record of our Lord’s words and acts,] | 337 |
| [The various parts of ecclesiastical tradition,] | 338 |
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| [CHAPTER VII.] |
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| [Independence of the Ante-Nicene Church shown in her mode of Positive Teaching and in her mode of Resisting Error.] |
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| [Germ of the Church in the missionary circuits of our Lord,] | 340 |
| [The mission carried on by the Apostles,] | 341 |
| [Its two parts: work of positive teaching and defence against error,] | 343 |
| [As to the first—] |
| [1. The system of catechesis,] | 344 |
| [2. The employment of a Creed,] | 347 |
| [3. The dispensing of Sacraments,] | 349 |
| [4. The system of Penance,] | 351 |
| [5. The Scriptures carried in the Church’s hand,] | 352 |
| [This mode of promulgation continued during fifteen centuries,] | 355 |
| [Substitution of a private interpretation of Scripture by the individual attempted in the sixteenth century,] | 356 |
| [Summary of the mode in which the Church promulgated the faith,] | 358 |
| [As to the second, the Church’s defence against error lay in the principle of her own authority,] | 360 |
| [The first conflict with unbelieving Judaism,] | 362 |
| [Three incidents of it—] |
| [The proclaiming Jesus to be the Christ,] | 362 |
| [The receiving the Gentiles without Circumcision,] | 363 |
| [The protection of being Jews enjoyed by the first preachers of Christ,] | 364 |
| [Gradual severance of the Christian Church from the Synagogue,] | 369 |
| [Circumstances and peculiar difficulties of the Ante-Nicene Church,] | 371 |
| [The first condition of Christians one of simple faith,] | 376 |
| [The two opposed principles of orthodoxy and heresy,] | 378 |
| [Contest between them indicated in the Apostolic writings,] | 380 |
| [Character of the first writings after the Apostles,] | 381 |
| [Christian learning in the second century; conversions of heathens who became Christian apologists,] | 382 |
| [Extension of education given in great catechetical schools,] | 385 |
| [The defence against error lodged in the Magisterium,] | 387 |
| [The Magisterium lies in the Church’s divine government and concrete life,] | 388 |
| [Athanasius as the expounder of it; his fundamental idea,] | 389 |
| [His Statement as to the authority of Scripture,] | 391 |
| [As to the Rule of Faith,] | 392 |
| [As to private judgment,] | 393 |
| [His tests of heresy,] | 393 |
| [Definitions,] | 394 |
| [How the Magisterium embraces Scripture and Tradition, and employs them as a joint rule,] | 395 |
| [Testimony of the Council of Arles to the above principles,] | 397 |
| [And Constantine’s public recognition that the Magisterium of Christ is lodged in the Bishops,] | 398 |
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| [CHAPTER VIII.] |
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| [The Church’s Battle for Independence over against the Roman Empire.] |
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| [Alliance of the Two Powers in the Roman Empire at the Advent of Christ,] | 400 |
| [The Emperor official guardian of all religions,] | 401 |
| [The Christian religion a singular exception,] | 403 |
| [Its cause the position of Christians towards heathendom,] | 404 |
| [Contradiction in belief, worship, and government,] | 405 |
| [The Christian people as the outcome of these three constituents,] | 411 |
| [The course of the Roman Empire and the Christian Church in three hundred years,] | 414 |
| [The ten persecutions from Nero to Diocletian,] | 417 |
| [The Martyrs champions of a great army,] | 421 |
| [St. Paul’s account of this army’s creation,] | 422 |
| [The wonder of this creation,] | 424 |
| [Supernatural character of the conversion wrought in these times,] | 426 |
| [Accounted for only by the internal action of the Holy Ghost,] | 427 |
| [Power of the κήρυγμα insisted on by Clement of Alexandria,] | 429 |
| [Contrasted by him with the impotence of philosophy,] | 430 |
| [Sufferings which followed on conversion according to Tertullian,] | 431 |
| [Martyrs enduring or God what heroes endured for goods of nature,] | 432 |
| [Origen insists on the divine power shown in converting sinners,] | 434 |
| [On miracles of conversion as greater than bodily miracles,] | 435 |
| [The spread of the Church and the conversion of sinners viewed together,] | 436 |
| [Miracles only could account for the spread of the Church,] | 437 |
| [Statement of Irenæus as to miraculous powers exercised in his time,] | 438 |
| [Athanasius on the cessation of idolatry, oracles, and magic,] | 440 |
| [And on the greatness of the conversion wrought by Christ,] | 442 |
| [The necessity of miracles in proof of our Lord’s mission,] | 444 |
| [The connection between miracles and martyrdom,] | 445 |
| [Parallel between them as to their principle, witness, power, and perpetuity,] | 449 |
| [How the liberty of the Church was gained against the empire,] | 455 |
| [How the Martyrs constructed a basis for civil liberty,] | 456 |
| [The five conflicts of the Church with Judaism, Heresy, Idolatry, Philosophy, and the Roman State,] | 459 |