SYSTEMIC:

1. Epinephrine (1:1,000) subcutaneous injection (0.2-0.5 ml in adults and 0.1-0.3 ml in children). Repeat in 5-10 min if necessary 2. Analgesics (ASA, Tylenol) for pain 3. Antihistamines ([Chart 1])—Useful only for urticarial and pruritic reactions 4. Treat for shock as necessary ([Chart 2])

LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT: (for hypersensitive patients)

1. Medic-alert tag or bracelet 2. Emergency treatment kit and instructions for use 3. Program for desensitization

[SCORPIONS]

REACTIONS

IMMEDIATE: Severe sharp pain

LOCAL:

1. Dangerous neurotoxic species—Pins-and-needles sensation with no local swelling or discoloration (found in Arizona only) 2. Comparatively harmless species (not neurotoxic)—Local swelling and discoloration at sting site

SYSTEMIC (neurotoxic species only—within 1-3 hours):