1. For severe pain give meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol, 50-100 mg PO or IM), morphine sulfate (0.25 subcutaneous), codeine phosphate (0.5 g PO) NOTE: Aspirin is generally not effective 2. Shock ([Chart 2])
CHART 1
ANTIHISTAMINES
| GROUP | TRADE NAME | AVERAGE ORAL BASE | SEDATION | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GENERIC NAMES | ADULT | CHILD | |||
| Ethanolamines | |||||
| diphenhydramine•HCl | Benadryl | 50 mg q 4-6h | 25 mg q 4-6h | ++++ | |
| diphenhydramine theophyllinate | Dramamine | 50 mg q 4h | 25 mg q 4h | ++++ | |
| Ethylenediamine | |||||
| tripelennamine | Pyribenzamine | 50 mg q 4-6h | 25 mg q 4-6h | +++ | |
| Alkylamines | |||||
| chlorpheniramine maleate | Chlor-Trimeton | 4 mg q 6h | 2 mg q 6h | ++ | |
| brompheniramine maleate | Dimetane | 8 mg q 6h | 4 mg q 6h | + | |
| triprolidine•HCl | Actidil | 2.5 mg q 8h | 1.25 mg q 8h | ++ | |
| Cyclizines | |||||
| hydroxyzine•HCl | Atarax | 25-100 mg q 6h | 10-25 mg q 6h | + | |
| Miscellaneous | |||||
| cyproheptadine•HCl | Periactin | 4 mg q 6h | 2 mg q 6h | +++ | |
| promethazine | Phenergan | 25-50 mg q 6-8h | 12.5-25 mg q 6-8h | ++++ | |
Chart 2
Treatment of Anaphylaxis—Shock
| IMMEDIATE TREATMENT | MILD REACTION TREATMENT | SEVERE REACTION TREATMENT |
|---|---|---|
| REACTION: Conjunctivitis, Rhinitis, Urticaria, Pruritus, Erythema | ||
| Epinephrine•HCl 0.3 ml (1:1,000) IM Diphenhydramine•HCl 50 mg PO | Diphenhydramine•HCl 50 mg PO q 6h | |
| REACTION: Laryngeal edema | ||
| Epinephrine•HCl 0.3 ml (1:1,000) IM Diphenhydramine•HCl 50 mg IV | Diphenhydramine•HCl 50 mg q 6h IM or PO Ephedrine sulfate 25 mg q 6h | Oxygen Diphenhydramine•HCl 50 mg q 6h Ephedrine sulfate 25 mg q 6h Monitor blood gases Hydrocortisone Tracheostomy |
| REACTION: Bronchospasm | ||
| Epinephrine•HCl 0.3 ml (1:1,000) IM Diphenhydramine•HCl 50 mg IV | Epinephrine•HCl 0.3 ml (1:1,000) IM Aminophylline 250 mg IV over 10-min period of time | Oxygen Aminophylline 500 mg IV q 6h Hydrocortisone IV fluids Monitor blood gases Observe for respiratory failure |
| REACTION: Hypotension | ||
| Epinephrine•HCl 0.3 ml (1:1,000) IM Diphenhydramine•HCl 50 mg IV | Metaraminol bitartrate, 100 mg in 1,000 ml 5% dextrose in water | Oxygen Metaraminol bitartrate IV IV fluids |
Transcriber’s Notes
- Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook is public-domain in the country of publication.
- Corrected a few palpable typos.
- Generated a spine image from elements of the cover image.
- Reformatted several charts for better text flow on narrow screens.
- In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by _underscores_.