6. Utopian socialism. (Skelton, Socialism, a Critical Analysis, chapter iv; Carver, Elementary Economics, chapter xliii.)
7. Examples of Utopian communities in the United States. (Hinds, American Communities. See also an encyclopedia under "Communism.")
8. The nature of anarchism. (Carver, Elementary Economics, chapter xlvi.)
9. The life of Karl Marx. (Consult an encyclopedia.)
10. The law of capitalistic development. (Skelton, Socialism, a Critical Analysis, chapter vii.)
11. The economic interpretation of history. (Skelton, Socialism, a Critical Analysis, chapter v.)
CHAPTER XIV
MILITANT SOCIALISM: THE I. W. W.
134. ORIGIN OF THE I.W.W.—The letters I.W.W. are a convenient abbreviation which is used to designate a group of militant socialists calling themselves the Industrial Workers of the World. The I.W.W. resemble a French socialist group known as syndicalists, and on that account the I.W.W. are sometimes called the American syndicalists. As a matter of fact, the I.W.W. are a distinct group, and are in no way affiliated with the French syndicalists.
The I.W.W. movement can be traced to a miners' strike in Colorado in 1903. As the result of the labor unrest which this strike accentuated, a conference of radical labor leaders was called in Chicago in 1904, to discuss the question of forming a socialist organization which should advocate methods more drastic than those of political socialism. In the summer of 1905 a second convention was held in Chicago, and a constitution was drawn up and subscribed to. Section 1 of Article I of this constitution reads: "This Organization shall be known as the 'Industrial Workers of the World.'"