11. Attitude of the individual in a democracy. (Hughes, Conditions of Progress in Democratic Government.)
12. The power of ideals in American history. (Adams, The Power of Ideals in American History.)
13. Ideals of citizenship. (Woodburn and Moran, The Citizen and the Republic, chapter xx.)
14. The future of democracy. (Bryce, Modern Democracies, vol. ii, chapter lxxx.)
PART II—AMERICAN ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
A. ECONOMICS OF AMERICAN INDUSTRY
CHAPTER VI
THE NATURE OF AMERICAN INDUSTRY
52. MAGNITUDE OF AMERICAN INDUSTRY.—In colonial times the major part of American industry was concentrated along the Atlantic seaboard; to- day it extends over a large part of the continent. A century and a half ago our industrial system was still a relatively simple one, giving rise to few pressing problems of national importance; at the present time it is a vast and complicated affair, closely bound up with many of the most vital problems which confront American democracy. The activities which are commonly grouped under the head of "American industry" are so numerous and so varied that a description of all of them would carry us beyond the limits of this chapter. Nevertheless, it is important that we secure some understanding of these activities. A few pages may profitably be spent, therefore, in discussing certain basic facts of American industry.
53. FAVORABLE LOCATION OF THE UNITED STATES.—Let us commence by noting that the location of the United States is favorable to the development of industry. Of the two American continents, the northern has the greater natural advantages. Each continent is roughly in the form of a triangle with the apex or smaller end pointing southward, but whereas the larger end of the South American triangle is within the tropic zone and only the tapering end is within the more favorable temperate zone, the greater part of the North American triangle is within the temperate zone. With regard to location for world trade the northern continent again has the advantage: the ports of South America face a relatively empty ocean on the west and the little-developed continent of Africa on the east; the ports of North America, in addition to being more numerous and more suitable for commerce than those of the southern continent, face the teeming Orient on the west, and the great markets of Europe on the east. Moreover, the United States occupies the choicest portions of the North American continent. Our neighbor Canada has a cold and snow-bound frontier on her north, while on our south Mexico and the Central American countries lie near the tropics. The heart of temperate America, on the other hand, is included within the territory of the United States.