62. SUMMARY AND FORECAST.—We have very briefly surveyed some of the basic facts of American industry. On the one hand, the favorable location and the rich natural resources of the United States have furnished a substantial basis for industrial progress. On the other hand, we must note that the American people are energetic and versatile,—combining, to a happy degree, the qualities of initiative and originality, perseverance and adaptability. The great wealth and prosperity of the country as a whole have been the result of the combination of a favorable land and an able people.
This is not the whole of the story, of course. It must be admitted that, with all of our wealth, we continue to face serious charges of poverty and industrial maladjustment. These charges are of great importance, but it should be remembered that no problem can be solved, or even intelligently attacked, until the essential facts are well in hand. We have briefly described the nature of American industry. What we have now to do, as a preliminary to considering the problem of poverty and industrial reform, is to analyze the economic laws in accordance with which American industry has developed. The essential facts of the next four chapters cannot be weighed too carefully.
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
1. To what extent has the character of American industry changed in the last century and a half?
2. Compare North America with South America with respect to natural advantages.
3. Outline the changes which have occurred in the population of the United States since 1790.
4. Trace briefly the increase in our national wealth since 1850.
5. What are the chief occupations of the American people?
6. Name three important industrial minerals, and comment on our supply of each.
7. What are the chief characteristics of American agriculture?