[1832] See B. xxi. c. 105.
[1833] Identified with the Carduus parviflorus of Linnæus, the Small-flowered thistle.
[1834] See B. xxv. c. 40.
[1835] Identified by Fée and Desfontaines with the Polygonum persicaria of Linnæus, the Spotted persicaria, red-shanks, fleawort, or lakeweed. Littré gives the Crucianella Monspeliaca of Linnæus, Montpellier petty madder.
[1836] Hence its name, signifying that it strengthens the generative powers.
[1837] See B. xxvi. c. 91.
[1838] See B. xxiv. c. 72. Littré remarks that Pliny is in error here, for that the Cratægos of Theophrastus is the Cratægos azarolia of Linnæus, the Parsley-leaved hawthorn, while the Aquifolia of Pliny is the Holly. As to the latter point, see B. xvi. cc. 8, 12.
[1839] Hist. Plant. B. iii. c. 15.
[1840] Desfontaines identifies it with the Centaurea crocodileum of Linnæus, and Littré with the Carduus pycnocephalus of Linnæus. Ruellius considers it to be the same plant as the Leucacantha of Dioscorides; which Sprengel identifies with the Cnicus Casabonæ. Fée expresses himself at a loss as to its identity.
[1841] See B. xxii. c. 21.