Hegias[1500] is celebrated for his Minerva and his King Pyrrhus, his youthful Celetizontes,[1501] and his statues of Castor and Pollux, before the Temple of Jupiter Tonans:[1502] Hegesias,[1503] for his Hercules, which is at our colony of Parium.[1504] Of Isidotus we have the Buthytes.[1505]
Lycius was the pupil[1506] of Myron: he made a figure representing a boy blowing a nearly extinguished fire, well worthy of his master, as also figures of the Argonauts. Leochares made a bronze representing the eagle carrying off Ganymede: the eagle has all the appearance of being sensible of the importance of his burden, and for whom he is carrying it, being careful not to injure the youth with his talons, even through the garments.[1507] He executed a figure, also, of Autolycus,[1508] who had been victorious in the contests of the Pancratium, and for whom Xenophon wrote his Symposium;[1509] the figure, also, of Jupiter Tonans in the Capitol, the most admired of all his works; and a statue of Apollo crowned with a diadem. He executed, also, a figure of Lyciscus, and one of the boy Lagon,[1510] full of the archness and low-bred cunning of the slave. Lycius also made a figure of a boy burning perfumes.
We have a young bull by Menæchmus,[1511] pressed down beneath a man’s knee, with its neck bent back:[1512] this Menæchmus has also written a treatise on his art. Naucydes[1513] is admired for a Mercury, a Discobolus,[1514] and a Man sacrificing a Ram. Naucerus made a figure of a wrestler panting for breath; Niceratus, an Æsculapius and Hygeia,[1515] which are in the Temple of Concord at Rome. Pyromachus represented Alcibiades, managing a chariot with four horses: Polycles made a splendid statue of Hermaphroditus; Pyrrhus, statues of Hygeia and Minerva; and Phanis, who was a pupil of Lysippus, an Epithyusa.[1516]
Stypax of Cyprus acquired his celebrity by a single work, the statue of the Splanchnoptes;[1517] which represents a slave of the Olympian Pericles, roasting entrails and kindling the fire with his breath. Silanion made a statue in metal of Apollodorus, who was himself a modeller, and not only the most diligent of all in the study of this art, but a most severe criticizer of his own works, frequently breaking his statues to pieces when he had finished them, and never able to satisfy his intense passion for the art—a circumstance which procured him the surname of “the Madman.” Indeed, it is this expression which he has given to his works, which represent in metal embodied anger rather than the lineaments of a human being. The Achilles, also, of Silanion is very excellent, and his Epistates[1518] exercising the Athletes. Strongylion[1519] made a figure of an Amazon, which, from the beauty of the legs, was known as the “Eucnemos,”[1520] and which Nero used to have carried about with him in his travels. Strongylion was the artist, also, of a youthful figure, which was so much admired by Brutus of Philippi, that it received from him its surname.[1521]
Theodorus of Samos,[1522] who constructed the Labyrinth,[1523] cast his own statue in brass; which was greatly admired, not only for its resemblance, but for the extreme delicacy of the work. In the right hand he holds a file, and with three fingers of the left, a little model of a four-horse chariot, which has since been transferred to Præneste:[1524] it is so extremely minute, that the whole piece, both chariot and charioteer, may be covered by the wings of a fly, which he also made with it.
Xenocrates[1525] was the pupil of Ticrates, or, as some say, of Euthycrates: he surpassed them both, however, in the number of his statues, and was the author of some treatises on his art.
Several artists have represented the battles fought by Attalus and Eumenes with the Galli;[1526] Isigonus, for instance, Pyromachus, Stratonicus, and Antigonus,[1527] who also wrote some works in reference to his art. Boëthus,[1528] although more celebrated for his works in silver, has executed a beautiful figure of a child strangling a goose. The most celebrated of all the works, of which I have here spoken, have been dedicated, for some time past, by the Emperor Vespasianus in the Temple of Peace,[1529] and other public buildings of his. They had before been forcibly carried off by Nero,[1530] and brought to Rome, and arranged by him in the reception-rooms of his Golden Palace.[1531]
In addition to these, there are several other artists, of about equal celebrity, but none of whom have produced any first-rate works; Ariston,[1532] who was principally employed in chasing silver, Callides, Ctesias, Cantharus of Sicyon,[1533] Diodorus, a pupil of Critias, Deliades, Euphorion, Eunicus,[1534] and Hecatæus,[1535] all of them chasers in silver; Lesbocles, also, Prodorus, Pythodicus, and Polygnotus,[1536] one of the most celebrated painters; also two other chasers in silver, Stratonicus,[1537] and Scymnus, a pupil of Critias.
I shall now enumerate those artists who have executed works of the same class:— Apollodorus,[1538] for example, Antrobulus, Asclepiodorus, and Aleuas, who have executed statues of philosophers. Apellas[1539] has left us some figures of females in the act of adoration; Antignotus, a Perixyomenos,[1540] and figures of the Tyrannicides, already mentioned. Antimachus and Athenodorus made some statues of females of noble birth; Aristodemus[1541] executed figures of wrestlers, two-horse chariots with the charioteers, philosophers, aged women, and a statue of King Seleucus:[1542] his Doryphoros,[1543] too, possesses his characteristic gracefulness.
There were two artists of the name of Cephisodotus:[1544] the earlier of them made a figure of Mercury nursing Father Liber[1545] when an infant; also of a man haranguing, with the hand elevated, the original of which is now unknown. The younger Cephisodotus executed statues of philosophers. Colotes,[1546] who assisted Phidias in the Olympian Jupiter, also executed statues of philosophers; the same, too, with Cleon,[1547] Cenchramis, Callicles,[1548] and Cepis. Chalcosthenes made statues of comedians and athletes. Daïppus[1549] executed a Perixyomenos.[1550] Daïphron, Democritus,[1551] and Dæmon made statues of philosophers.