FOOTNOTES:
[61] Jordan, The Voice of the Scholar, pp. 173-4.
[62] Paulsen, German Universities, Character and Historical Development, pp. 21-22.
[63] Jordan, The Voice of the Scholar, pp. 115-6.
[64] Veblen, The Theory of the Leisure Class, p. 375.
[65] Veblen, The Theory of the Leisure Class, pp. 375-6.
[66] Outlook, Vol. 88, pp. 481, 515.
CHAPTER VII
The Effects of Industrial Changes Upon Marriage
The effect of industrial changes upon marriage among primitive peoples has been discussed at some length by students of primitive conditions. So closely do the industrial habits of mankind affect the social that one is forced to concede an important place to the economic in the evolution of the race. The preëminence of the struggle for subsistence in the history of civilization shows how reckless it is to make historical interpretations while neglecting the industrial side of society.
The industrial habits of primitive peoples were intimately related to the physical environment. There had to be game before man could live by hunting; a body of water to fish in before there could be fishermen; grass to feed the herds before herding could be the chief occupation of a people; and tillable soil before there could arise an agricultural stage in the history of the race. Favorable conditions had to exist before men could establish even a temporary dwelling place, not to mention a permanent one. Conditions determined the occupations of men, and in turn these occupations made possible a type of social life compatible with the environment. The social life was not a preconceived scheme so much as a development spontaneously arising out of existing conditions. The type of the family was no exception to this rule.