LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Fig. Page.
1.Clearing-off scraper[17]
2,3,4.Snow scoop scrapers[18]
5.Ice auger[20]
6.Measure[20]
7.Tapping axe[20]
8.Field planer[21]
9.Marker, with swing guide[22]
10.Field plow[22]
11.Swing guide plows[22]
12.Hand plow[24]
13.Plow rope[24]
14.Line marker[24]
15.Braces for channel with swift current[26]
16.Brace for slow current[27]
17.Best cast steel ice saws[28]
18.Two-prong fork bar[28]
19.Three-prong fork bar[28]
20.Four-prong bar[28]
21.Calking bar[28]
22.Breaking bar[28]
23.Ice hooks[31]
24.Elevator feeding fork[31]
25.Chain scoop net[31]
26.Sieve shovel[31]
27.Ring handle splitting chisel[31]
28.Channel hook chisel[31]
29.Needle bar[31]
30.Toothed trimmer bars, iron handle[33]
31.Toothed trimmer bars[33]
32.Jack grapple[33]
33.Handle grapple[33]
34.Channel grapple[33]
35.Wooden skid, No. 1[36]
36.Wooden skid, No. 2[36]
37.Wagon and loading tongs[36]
38.Packing chisel[36]
39.Packing chisel[36]
40.Hoisting tongs[38]
41.Drag tongs[38]
42.Edging tongs[38]
43.Ice adze[38]
44, 45.Interior view of old style ice cellar[44]
46–49.Modern ice pit[44], [46], [48]
50.Section of elevator incline and platform conveyors[50]
51.Elevation of platform along tracks for loading cars[52]
52.Section of loading platforms[52]
53.Hoisting gigs and reversing engines[54]
54.House ice saw[57]
55.Raising chisel bar[57]
56.Striking-under bar[57]
57.Dunnage shovel[57]
58.Lowering gig and track[59]
59.A popular ice wagon[61]
60.Another ice wagon[61]
61.Sample delivery ice wagon[64]
62.Wagon scale[66]
63.Ice shave[66]
64.Wagon axe[66]
65.Wagon saw[66]
66.Wagon ice tongs[66]
67.Ground floor[68]
68.Section of house[69]
69.Section of wall[69]
70.Exterior view of cold storage house[70]
71.Section view of combined ice house and dairy[70]
72.Perspective view of creamery[72]
73.Ground plan of creamery[72]
74.Cold storage house combined with dairy[74]
75.Section of refrigerating tank[75]
76.Section view of cold storage house and dairy[76]
77.Ground plan of freezing tank and bench[77]
78.End view of freezing tank[77]
79–81.Suggestions for cheap ice houses[78]
82.Barn-corner ice house[79]
83.A loading platform[81]
84.Embankment platform[81]
85, 86.Lifts for loading ice into sleds[81]
87.A cheap ice scraper[82]
88.A fruit retarding house in Florida, which uses refrigerating machinery[89]
89.Perspective view of fruit cellar[97]
90.Cross section of fruit cellar[98]
91.Perspective view of fruit house[99]
92.Section of floor and ceiling[100]
93.Ice crushing machine[105]
94.A power ice crusher[111]

INDEX.

Artificial ice and cold air machines[48–91]
Air machines[88]
Extent of artificial refrigeration[90]
Fruit storage plant at Waldo, Fla.[88]
Historical sketch[84], [85]
Latest inventions, the[88]
Principles of ice machines[85], [86]
Systems employed[86], [87]
Uses of[90], [91]
Care, handling and marketing of crop[56–63]
Care of ice in houses[56]
Coupon tickets, use of[62]
Lowering ice from house[58]
Marketing[60]
Packing ice for shipment[58], [60]
Taking out ice from house[58]
Ventilators, how to use[41], [56], [58]
Wasting of ice, causes and preventatives[56]
Cold storage[63–86]
Construction of house for[63]
Co-operation, benefits of[78]
Extent and benefits of[63], [64]
Preservative power for various articles, extent of[65]
Principles of[67]
Temperature, variation of[65]
Use of[64], [67]
Cold storage ice house (see also “[Retarding house],” and “[Storage cellars],” and “[Packing house]”):
Barn corner ice house[79]
Cheap ice house[77]
Combined dairy, cold storage and ice house[72], [73]
Construction of[63], [67], [68]
Cost of ice in house[80]
Creamery ice house[71], [72]
Floor, best construction of[73]
Freezing room[73]
General arrangement of[69]
Loading platform[80]
Milk room[73]
Principles employed[67]
Sample house described[71]
Size of rooms[73]
Silo as an ice house[77]
Tanks[75]
Temperature considered in removing fruit from[101]
Tools required in stowing ice[80]
Ventilators[68]
Walls considered, various[68], [69]
Construction of commercial ice houses[43–55]
Construction, details of[47–54]
Development of the modern ice house[43], [44]
Earliest forms of ice storage[43]
Site for[44], [45]
Survey and foundation[45–47]
Construction of ice house, details of[47–54]
Air spaces[47]
Chains, over-shot and under-shot[55]
Engine[55]
Floor[53]
Lightning rods, use of[51]
Lumber required, dimensions of[47]
Platforms for loading cars[53]
Posts, inside and out[47], [49]
Roof, a good construction for[49]
Sills, inside and out[47]
Studding, main outer and inner[47]
Ventilators[51], [68]
Walls and partitions[49]
Contents, table of[115]
Co-operation, how best practiced[79]
Co-operation in ice-cutting and cold storage[78]
Creamery ice house[71], [72]
Cutting and storing ice[14–42], [83]
Calking bar, use of the[27]
Care of ice fields[15], [83]
Care of tools[32–35]
Channels and canals[25], [83]
Channels, early work on the[29]
Closing and caring for the house[41], [42]
Condition of field at quitting time[29]
Cracks in the ice[26]
Danger signals[23]
Floats, how to handle[27]
Flooding, use of[17]
Harvesting, danger of delay in[20]
Harvesting outfit[20–23]
Housing the crop[29–32], [35–38]
Inspection of field[20], [23]
Laying out ice field[23]
Marking and plowing[23–25]
Opening up the field[26]
Packing ice in the house[37–41]
Plowing, results of delay in[34]
Plowing, process of[83]
Refuse ice[23]
Science of ice formation[14], [15]
Shipping from the field[42]
Snow, removal of[17], [21]
Snow scrapers[17], [18]
Tapping the field during a thaw[19]
Thickness of ice[21]
Tool room and fittings[35]
Windrows, how best distributed[19]
Dairy, cold storage and ice house, combined[72], [73]
Freezing house, a[73]
Harvesting (see [cutting and storing])
Historical sketch, an[7–11]
Domestic and export trade[7]
Export trade, height of[7]
Extent of ice industry[9]
Home of the industry[9]
Methods for securing, development of[8]
Modern ice harvest, pen picture of[10]
Origin of business in United States[7]
Preserving or antiseptic powers of ice[9]
Uses of ice, growing[8]
House, closing and caring for the[41–42]
Sawdust or mill shavings, how used[41]
Tools, inspection of[41–42]
Ventilation[41], [56], [58]
Housing the ice[29–32]
Discipline on the field, value of[32]
Methods employed, various[29], [35]
Preferable time for, the[35]
Protection at sides of channel, necessity for[30]
Runs, or skids, how arranged[37], [40]
Serious accidents, how prevented[32]
Stowing, process of[37], [39]
Water box, use of[30]
Iced beverages: Coffee, cooling drink, gum arabic water, jelly water, lemonade, sago milk, tea[114]
Ice creams and ices[102–107]
Almond[106]
Brown bread[103]
Chocolate[104]
Cinnamon[106]
Coffee[105]
Cocoanut[103]
Fig[104]
General directions for making[102]
Neapolitan[105]
New York[104]
Orange[106]
Peach[106]
Strawberry[103]
Swan’s down[106]
Tapioca[106]
Tea[105]
Vanilla[103], [106]
Walnut[105]
Iced dishes[107–114]
Biscuit glace[110]
Blackberry ice[112]
Blanc mange[111–113]
Bombe glace[110]
Cherry ice[112]
Currant sherbet[109]
Custards[112]
Frozen apricots[109]
Frozen peaches[109]
Frozen pudding[107]
Frozen raspberries[109]
Frozen strawberries[109]
Glace meringue[110]
Lemon ice[107]
Lemon jelly[113]
Lemon sherbet[108]
Macaroni custard[112]
Nesselrode pudding[107]
Orange sherbet[108]
Pineapple sherbet[108]
Pineapple water ice[112]
Raspberry ice[112]
Raspberry sherbet[109]
Snow pudding[113]
Strawberry ice[113]
Strawberry sherbet[108]
Tutti frutti[107]
Iced food and beverages[101–114]
Iced beverages[114]
Ice creams and ices[102–107]
Iced dishes[107–114]
Ice field, care of[15], [83]
Ice houses, barn corner[79]
Cheap[77]
Cold storage[63], [67], [68], [69], [71], [72], [73]
Commercial[43–55]
Creamery[71], [72]
Dairy and cold storage combined[72], [73]
Silo[77]
Ice in transportation[91–96]
Fisheries, ice in the[95]
Ocean transportation[94–95]
Refrigerator cars[91], [92]
Refrigerator vessels[94]
Value of[94]
Ice machines, Principles of[85–86]
Industry, the ice[7–10]
Extent of[7], [9]
Home of[9]
Origin of in United States[7]
Laws for protection of crop[11]
Regarding prohibition of cutting on polluted streams[11]
Public vs. private ownership of ice fields[12]
Legal and sanitary matters[11–14]
Gravel as a bed for ice ponds, use of[12]
Laws for protection of crop[11]
Preservation of purity of streams and lakes[11]
Purity of crop, how maintained[11]
Marketing ice[60]
Ownership of ice fields, public vs. private[12]
Packing house, a cold[98–101]
Construction of[99–101]
Temperature considered in removing fruit from[101]
Use for on large farms[98], [99]
Packing ice for shipment[58]
Packing in the house[37–41]
Methods employed, various[38]
Method, a good[38], [39]
Quantity packed dependent on arrangement[38]
Runs, arrangement of outside and in[37–40]
Preface[5]
Purity, conditions of[11], [23]
Shipping ice from field[42]
Refrigerator cars[91–94]
Construction[91–93]
Icing[93]
Ventilating[93]
Refrigerator vessels[94], [95]
Extent of traffic through[94], [95]
Temperature, how regulated[94]
Ventilation of[95]
Retarding cellars and houses[96–101]
Caves for storage[96]
Cellars without ice[97]
Site for constructing ice house (see also “[Cold storage ice house]”)[44], [45]
Accessibility from water and land[44]
Arrangement of house determined by lay of land[45]
Good site dependent on what[45]
How to select[45]
Transportation facilities considered[45]
Snow, usefulness of[16]
Sources of ice supply[11–14]
Artificial[13], [84–91]
Lakes fed by streams[11]
Purity of compared[11], [12]
Running streams[11]
Storage cellars, construction of[97], [98]
Streams, changing the course of[13]
Strength of ice[62]
Survey and foundation for house[45–47]
Drainage, the value of[45]
Foundations, extent of[45]
Importance of survey[45]
Inclined ways, use and construction of[54]
Life of house, how extended[45]
Tool room and fittings[35]
Tools, care of[32–35], [41–42]
Elevator machinery repairing[41]
Engine and its parts[42]
Good vs. inferior tools[32]
Inspection of after use[41]
Plows, how often rendered useless[34]
Plows, the best[34]
Repairing, the best time for[34]
Repairing tools required[34]
Saws, how to care for[32]
Storing room[35]
Uses of ice in refrigeration (see also “[Cold storage]”)
Cold storage, extent and benefits of[63]
Decay of fruits prevented[67]
Fruits, meats and vegetables, preservation of[65], [67]
Poultry, how best preserved[73]
Uses of ice, the growing[8], [64]
Ventilators, construction of[51], [68]
Use of[41], [56], [58], [68]
Wasting of ice in house, causes and preventives[56]
Weight of ice[62]

Transcriber’s Notes

Punctuation, hyphenation, and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in the original book or the change did not affect the meaning of the text.

Simple typographical errors were corrected; unbalanced quotation marks were remedied when the change was obvious, and otherwise left unbalanced.

Illustrations in this eBook have been positioned between paragraphs and outside quotations. In versions of this eBook that support hyperlinks, the page references in the List of Illustrations lead to the corresponding illustrations.

[Page 30]: “Pages 00–00” was printed that way.