Samarcand (Tartar Invasion of Kharismia).
This place, which was defended by a garrison of 110,000 Turks and Kharismians, under the Governor, Alub Khan, was besieged by the Tartars, under Genghiz Khan, in June, 1220. The garrison harassed the Tartars by numerous sorties, and little progress was made with the siege, but some of the inhabitants, hoping to save the city from pillage, opened the gates to the besiegers. After heroic efforts to defend the city against the overwhelming hordes of the enemy, Alub Khan put himself at the head of 1,000 picked horsemen and cut his way out. The survivors of the garrison, now reduced to 30,000, were put to the sword.
Samaghar (Rebellion of Aurungzebe).
Fought June, 1658, between the army of the Great Mogul, Shah Jehan, under Dara, and the forces of his rebellious sons, Aurungzebe and Marad. Dara was totally defeated, and his army dispersed, and three days later the rebels occupied Agra, where Shah Jehan was imprisoned and Aurungzebe seized the crown.
Sampford Courtney (Arundel's Rebellion).
The final engagement with the rebels, fought August 17, 1549, when Arundel was defeated by the Royal troops, under Lord Russell, with a loss of 700 killed and many prisoners, including most of the ring-leaders in the rising.
San Giovanni (Wars of the French Revolution).
Fought June 17, 1799, between the French, under Macdonald, and the Russians, under Suwaroff. After three days' hard fighting, the French were forced to retreat, having suffered a loss of 6,000 killed and wounded and 9,000 prisoners. The Russian losses were about 6,000.
San Isidoro (Paraguay War).
Fought April, 1870, between the Paraguayans, under Lopez, and the allied army of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay, under General Camera. Camera attacked Lopez's entrenchments and drove him out, forcing him to take refuge in the mountains with the small remnant of his troops.