Joyeuse Entrée.
The ancient charter of Brabant, granted by Wenceslas of Luxemburg in the latter part of the fourteenth century. It provided that no one should be prosecuted except before the ordinary courts of law; that no foreigner should hold office in the State; that no alteration should be made in the status of the Church without the consent of the Estates, and that any breach of the Constitution by the prince should absolve his subjects from their allegiance. The charter was abrogated by Joseph II in 1789.
Judicature Acts, 1873 and 1875.
By these Acts a Supreme Court of Justice was created, in place of the various courts in existence dealing with various branches of the law. These Courts were made branches of the High Court of Justice. In the same way the various appeal courts were brought into one general Court of Appeal. Certain provincial jurisdictions were abolished, such as the Courts of Pleas of the Palatine counties of Lancaster and Durham. Probate, Divorce and Admiralty were united in one division by the latter of the two Acts.
Judenhetze.
The anti-Jewish campaign, started in Berlin in 1880. See Anti-semitism.
July, Government of.
The reign of Louis Philippe (1830-48) is so called, as having been inaugurated by the Revolution of July.
July Laws.
Two laws passed in July, 1883, modifying certain of the severer provisions of the Falk Laws.