CONTENTS

CHAPTERPAGE
[INTRODUCTORY: THE DISCOVERIES AND THE CONQUEST][3]

[ARGENTINA]
I.THE ARGENTINE LAND[37]
II.THE SPANISH COLONIAL SYSTEM[47]
III.THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY[58]
IV.THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY[70]
V.THE BEGINNINGS OF THE REVOLUTION[80]
VI.COMPLETION OF THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE[97]
VII.THE ERA OF CIVIL WARS[115]
VIII.CONSOLIDATION[130]
IX.THE MODERN ARGENTINE[141]

[PARAGUAY]
I.PARAGUAY UNTIL 1632[165]
II.THE JESUIT REPUBLIC AND COLONIAL PARAGUAY[177]
III.FRANCIA'S REIGN[188]
IV.THE REIGN OF THE ELDER LOPEZ[198]
V.THE WAR[206]
VI.PARAGUAY SINCE 1870[220]

[URUGUAY]
I.INTRODUCTION[227]
II.PORTUGUESE AGGRESSIONS AND THE SETTLEMENT OF THE COUNTRY[239]
III.THE REVOLUTION[247]
IV.INDEPENDENCE AND CIVIL WAR[259]
V.CIVIL WAR AND ARGENTINE INTERVENTION[265]
VI.COLORADOS AND BLANCOS[272]

[BRAZIL]
I.PORTUGAL[287]
II.DISCOVERY[295]
III.DESCRIPTION[305]
IV.EARLY COLONISATION[316]
V.THE JESUITS[326]
VI.FRENCH OCCUPATION OF RIO[333]
VII.EXPANSION[342]
VIII.THE DUTCH CONQUEST[350]
IX.EXPULSION OF THE DUTCH[361]
X.THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY[371]
XI.GOLD DISCOVERIES—REVOLTS—FRENCH ATTACKS[378]
XII.THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY[386]
XIII.THE PORTUGUESE COURT IN RIO[401]
XIV.INDEPENDENCE[411]
XV.REIGN OF PEDRO I.[421]
XVI.THE REGENCY[436]
XVII.PEDRO II.[449]
XVIII.EVENTS OF 1849 TO 1864[458]
XIX.THE PARAGUAYAN WAR[468]
XX.REPUBLICANISM AND EMANCIPATION[478]
XXI.THE REVOLUTION—THE DICTATORSHIP—THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE REPUBLIC[492]

[INDEX]		[513]

ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE
CAPE HORN
From a steel engraving.		[Frontispiece]
FERDINAND, KING OF SPAIN
Redrawn from an old print.		[6]
FRANCISCO PIZARRO
From Montain's "America."		[9]
THE AUTHENTIC PORTRAIT OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS[11]
MINING SCENE
Redrawn from Gottfriedt's "Neue Welt."		[16]
A YOUNG GAUCHO
From a lithograph.		[28]
FOREST SCENE IN ARGENTINA
From a steel print.		[39]
DOCKS AT BUENOS AIRES[44]
AN OLD SPANISH CORNER IN BUENOS AIRES[76]
MANUEL BELGRANO
From an oil painting.		[95]
GENERAL SAN MARTIN
From a steel engraving.		[99]
PLAZA DE MAYO AND CATHEDRAL AT BUENOS AIRES
From a lithograph.		[113]
BUENOS AIRES IN 1845
From a steel engraving.		[127]
BARTOLOMÉ MITRE
From a steel engraving.		[139]
JULIO ROCA[145]
GATEWAY OF THE CEMETERY AT BUENOS AIRES
From a lithograph.		[151]
A RIVER ROAD IN ARGENTINA
From a lithograph.		[159]
ASUNCION[167]
GUAYRÁ FALLS[179]
JOSÉ RODRIGUEZ GASPAR FRANCIA
From an old woodcut.		[193]
FRANCISCO SOLANO LOPEZ
From a photograph taken in 1849.		[211]
PALM GROVES IN EL CHACO[217]
HARBOUR AT MONTEVIDEO[231]
MONTEVIDEO
From an old print.		[243]
BRIDGE AT MALDONADO[249]
GENERAL DON JOSÉ GERVASIO ARTIGAS
From an old woodcut.		[257]
THE SOLIS THEATRE[275]
THE CATHEDRAL, MONTEVIDEO[283]
OLD TOWER AT LISBON WHENCE THE FLEET SAILED[296]
A TUPI VILLAGE[299]
A GARDEN IN PETROPOLIS[307]
BAHIA[324]
PADRE JOSÉ DE ANCHIETA
From an old-woodcut.		[330]
PLANTERS GOING TO CHURCH
From an old print.		[337]
A CADEIRA[340]
OLD FORT AT BAHIA[353]
RIO GRANDE DO SUL[387]
OLD RANCH IN RIO GRANDE[390]
WASHING DIAMONDS[391]
BOATS ON THE RIO GRANDE
From a steel print.		[395]
DOM JOHN VI.
From an old woodcut.		[403]
DOM PEDRO I.
From an old woodcut.		[414]
DOM JOSÉ BONIFACIO DE ANDRADA
From a steel print.		[418]
EVARISTO FERREIRA DA VEIGA
From a steel engraving.		[431]
DONNA JANUARIA
From a steel engraving.		[445]
DOM PEDRO II.
From a steel engraving.		[447]
BARON OF CAXIAS
From an old woodcut.		[453]
PRINCESS ISABEL IN 1889[456]
PAMPAS OF THE RIO GRANDE[460]
OLD MARKET IN SÃO PAULO[465]
GOVERNER'S PALACE IN SÃO PAULO[469]
HOSPITAL AND OLD CHURCH AT PORTO ALEGRE[475]
BRIDGE AT MENDANHA[480]
CITY OF OURO PRETO[483]
EMPEROR DOM PEDRO IN 1889[491]
MILITARY SCHOOL OF RIO JANEIRO[493]
GENERAL BENJAMIN CONSTANT
From a woodcut.		[496]
THE EMPRESS IN 1889[498]
AMERICAN LEGATION NEAR RIO[505]
CAMPOS SALLES
From a woodcut.		[510]
MAPS
MAP OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGUAY, BOLIVIA, AND CHILE[38]
OUTLINE MAP OF BRAZIL[288]
MAP OF SOUTH AMERICA
Showing the progress of settlement and present populated area.		[At end]