Fig. 96. Hay Hook.
Exercise No. 14—Welding Ring.
Fig. 97.
[Figure 97] shows a drawing for a ring to be made from ½-in. round stock cut 10 inches long. The whole is heated red at one time and then formed into shape by hammering it over the horn as shown in [Figure 98]. The ends are now heated and scarfed in the same manner as described for the welded link. When they are lapped and ready for welding, they should look like [Figure 99]. Notice that the ring is made egg shape so that a heat may be taken directly on the ends of the scarfs and not at the sides. The ring when welded is formed round.
Another method of welding rings is to upset the ends and then form the rings. It is scarfed as explained above. This is seldom done in practical work because it is too slow, and the other method is about as strong.
Fig. 98. Fig. 99.
In welding the ring, it is handled in the same manner as in welding links. To find the amount of stock for rings, the inside diameter plus the thickness of stock is multiplied by 3.1416 or 3⅐. To this is added enough stock for the lap of the weld. For example a ring is required of one-inch stock. The inside measure is 10 inches. Solution: (10 + 1) × 3⅐ = 11 × 3⅐ = 34⁴⁄₇ + ½ inch for welding.
In heating a piece of iron to be formed into a ring, it should never be heated to the welding heat. A welding heat on any piece of work that is not to be hammered destroys the texture of the metal. Any piece of work to be formed, should be heated evenly and not too hot.