Anchors should be looked to and taken care of just the same as any other gear. The same with chain. If you keep your spare hook below, see that it is a place where you can readily get at it, and not buried in a heap of old ropes, awning stanchions, and other dunnage. I have fully covered this subject and that of anchoring in the book, On Yachts and Yacht Handling, which I advise you to read.
To get an anchor in a seaway:
It is sometimes very difficult to get an anchor in a seaway with a hard wind blowing. It can be done in this way: Take a turn with the hawser round the post or bitts. Watch when she pitches. As she descends she will slack up the hawser. Quickly take in this slack and hold when she scends. In this way you can get it foot by foot, and, when close under, the sea will break the hook out for you.
To get a line on a fluke:
If an anchor is lost or foul you can get a line on the upper fluke in this way, if the water is not too deep: Feel for the fluke with a pole or, better, a piece of iron gas pipe. When found, rest the pipe end on the tip of the fluke. Then send a messenger of rope with slip noose, down the pipe or pole until it falls over the fluke and on the arm. Carefully haul it taut, using the pole to keep it from slipping off until firmly fixed. By this means you can get a back pull on an anchor and shake it loose if caught under a timber or rock.
To sweep an anchor:
If you have lost your anchor, and there is chain or hawser on it, you can recover it by dragging with a grapnel back and forth across where you suppose the hawser is lying. If there is no chain or hawser attached, you will have to sweep for it. Take two boats and pass a weighted line between them, then row back and forth, dragging the bight of the line across the bottom until it finds the lost hook. Sometimes you can get an anchor by making fast one end of the sweep and rowing round in a circle, paying out the line as you go. Let it sink; then bring both ends together, as fishermen do a net, and haul in slowly. The best sweep is one made with a piece of chain in the middle.
To lay out an anchor:
Get the anchor in the boat flukes toward the bow, then coil down in the boat about two-thirds of the line to be payed out. Start the boat off and pay out what you have on board. In this way the oarsman has not got to drag a heavy weight of line after him. Use the same method to run out a guess warp to be made fast ashore.